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L'embellie s'étend à l'Europe

Author

Listed:
  • Département des Diagnostics de l'OFCE
  • Philippe Sigogne
  • Monique Fouet
  • Françoise Milewski

Abstract

[eng] Initiated by the relaxation of moneraty policy of summer 1982, the american recovery has since been stimulated by fiscal measures and fuelled by foreign capital. In a moderately inflationist environment, private investment has improved following the recovery of profits. World imports will increase rapidly and many countries will gain substantial market shares. The improvement of economic activity will spread throughout OECD countries in 1984. An acceleration in Europe will offset a slowdown in the USA, caused by a lesser fiscal stimulus, tighter monetary policy and a diversion of foreign capital flows towards Japan and West Germany. The weakening of the dollar and renewed tensions on interest rates and prices in the USA will contrast with slacker monetary policy and lower inflation elsewhere. In France, despite the stagnation of personal income, activity has help up owing to borrowing abroad and improved exports. However, the foreign trade deficit will not be eliminated before the end of 1984. Profits will continue to recover owing to reductions in the work-force and the increase of export profit margins. Correspondingly, inflation should be lower. [fre] A compter du relâchement monétaire de l'été 1982 la reprise américaine, stimulée par l'action budgétaire et alimentée de plus par des capitaux étrangers, n'a pas jusqu'à présent été brisée dans son élan. L'investissement privé a promptement suivi le redressement des profits, dans un environnement peu inflationniste. De nombreux pays gagnant des parts d'un marché en progression soutenue, l'année 1984 verra l'amélioration de l'activité se généraliser dans les pays industrialisés, avec une accélération en Europe mais un ralentissement aux États-Unis au second semestre. Celui-ci tiendrait à plusieurs causes : moindre impulsion budgétaire, croissance monétaire sous surveillance, diversification des portefeuilles de valeurs étrangères en faveur du Japon et de la RFA. Un affaiblissement du dollar et les tensions renaissantes sur les taux d'intérêt et les prix américains contrasteront avec une plus grande aisance monétaire ailleurs et une moindre inflation. En France l'endettement extérieur et le redressement des exportations ont permis d'éviter de réduire l'activité, en dépit du tassement du revenu des ménages, mais le retour à l'équilibre du commerce extérieur se trouve reporté à la fin de 1984. L'investissement reste largement tributaire des concours financiers de l'étranger. Le rétablissement des profits continuera à s'appuyer sur la réduction des effectifs et la hausse des marges à l'exportation. Les prix intérieurs devraient, en contrepartie, s'élever moins rapidement.

Suggested Citation

  • Département des Diagnostics de l'OFCE & Philippe Sigogne & Monique Fouet & Françoise Milewski, 1984. "L'embellie s'étend à l'Europe," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 7(1), pages 5-53.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1984_num_7_1_977
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1984.977
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1984.977
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