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Italie : difficile sortie de récession

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  • Sabine Mathieu

Abstract

[eng] After the first oil shock, the Italian economy experienced strong growth. There was extensive investment for the modernization of plant and equipment. Since 1981, Italy has been in a recession. In the first half of 1983, activity did not benefit from the support of consummer spending since the growth of disposable income was limited by economic policy ; at the same time foreign demand remained weak. Higher consumer spending the end of the fall in investment and inventories and stronger world demand probably account for the apparent improvement in the second half of 1983. Over the 1980-1983 period, certain conditions of a healthy economy have been obtained. The pace of inflation has slowed. The adjustment of production structures is under way. The foreign trade deficit has been reduced. However, the extent of the budget deficit still weighs on activity. Also, despite the support of foreign demand, the expected improvement for 1984 will remain modest. The external trade deficit nonetheless will be unchanged in 1984 because of the growth of imports. In the long term, the balance is likely to deteriorate if penetration of the domestic market is not slowed or counterbalanced by a geographic and product-based reorientation of exports. Appendices : forecast results and basic charts. [fre] L'économie italienne avait connu après le premier choc pétrolier, une croissance forte. Des investissements importants étaient orientés vers la rationalisation de l'appareil productif. Depuis 1981 l'Italie est en récession. Au premier semestre 1983 l'activité n'a pas bénéficié du soutien de la consommation des ménages, la croissance du revenu disponible étant limitée par la politique économique ; la demande extérieure est restée faible. Au deuxième semestre 1983 un rattrapage a sans doute eu lieu : la situation des ménages s'est améliorée, la chute des investissements et le déstockage se sont arrêtés, la demande extérieure s'est redressée. L'évolution des années 1981 à 1983 aura permis de créer certaines des conditions de l'assainissement. Le rythme de la hausse des prix s'est ralenti. L'ajustement des structures productives est en cours. Le rééquilibrage des échanges avec l'extérieur est engagé. Cependant, l'ampleur du déficit budgétaire pèse encore sur l'activité. Aussi l'amélioration attendue pour 1984 restera modeste, malgré le soutien de la demande externe. Le déficit des échanges extérieurs sera toutefois inchangé en 1984, en raison de la croissance des importations. A plus long terme, le solde risque de se détériorer si la pénétration du marché intérieur n'est pas freinée ou contrebalancée par une réorientation géographique et sectorielle des exportations. En annexes : prévisions quantitatives et diagrammes de base.

Suggested Citation

  • Sabine Mathieu, 1984. "Italie : difficile sortie de récession," Revue de l'OFCE, Programme National Persée, vol. 6(1), pages 39-67.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rvofce:ofce_0751-6614_1984_num_6_1_966
    DOI: 10.3406/ofce.1984.966
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ofce.1984.966
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