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Quels instruments pour une politique environnementale ?

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  • Gilles Saint-Paul

Abstract

[fre] Dans cet article, on utilise un modèle simple pour étudier le rôle respectif de la taxation et de la subvention à la recherche-développement « verte » pour réduire la pollution. On montre qu'il est optimal d'utiliser ces deux instruments simultanément. La taxation pigovienne sur les émissions ne suffit pas en dépit de ses effets induits sur l'innovation verte. Une subvention à l'innovation verte en plus des subventions usuelles à la recherche-développement permet de jouer sur la marge extensive d'émissions de polluants ainsi que de corriger la sous-évaluation par les agents privés de la différence de surplus social entre innovation verte et innovation polluante. [eng] What Instruments Should Environmental Policy Use ? . In this article, we use a simple model in order to study the optimal use of emission taxes and subsidies to R and D in non polluting goods. We show that a positive use of both instruments helps to implement the first policy. Pigovian taxation of emissions is not enough despite its positive induced effect on non polluting innovation. The reason is that it fails to act on the extensive margin of the range of polluting goods. Furthermore, differential subsidies on polluting vs. non polluting goods help innovators internalize the difference in social surplus between a new non polluting good and a new polluting good.

Suggested Citation

  • Gilles Saint-Paul, 2008. "Quels instruments pour une politique environnementale ?," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 22(3), pages 133-150.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_2008_num_22_3_1656
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.2008.1656
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.2008.1656
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