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Salaire minimal, faibles qualifications et chômage

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  • Didier Maillard

Abstract

[fre] Le double choc du progrès technologique et de la globalisation de l'économie mondiale frappe particulièrement le travail non qualifié, et exerce une pression à la baisse sur les salaires correspondants. Cette pression est en elle-même un problème social, mais la contrarier en faisant jouer des salaires minimaux peut conduire à accroître le mal plutôt qu'à le soigner. Même si les arguments théoriques et les travaux empiriques ne concluent pas de manière univoque à un effet négatif des salaires minimaux sur l'emploi dans les activités existantes, il est probable qu'ils empêchent l'édosion de certaines activités et brouillent les signaux sur l'acquisition nécessaire de qualifications. Le problème est accru quand des dispositions légales prévoient des hausses automatiques et/ou irréversibles des minima salariaux, indépendamment de l'évolution de la productivité chez les moins qualifiés. [eng] The twin shocks of technological progress and economic globalisation particularly hit non-skilled workers, and give way to a downward pressure on corresponding wages. Such presssure is by itself a cause for social concern. However, trying to run against the tide through the implementation of minimum wages may well worsen rather than improve the picture. Even if theoretical arguments as well as empirical work do not point univocally towards a negative effect of minimum wages on employment in existing business, it is likely that they prevent the rise of various activities and distort the signals on the need to build skills. The problem is more acute when legal rules lead to automatic and/or irreversible increases in minimum wages, irrespective of the productivity moves amongst the low skilled.

Suggested Citation

  • Didier Maillard, 1994. "Salaire minimal, faibles qualifications et chômage," Revue Française d'Économie, Programme National Persée, vol. 9(4), pages 35-44.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:rfreco:rfeco_0769-0479_1994_num_9_4_965
    DOI: 10.3406/rfeco.1994.965
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rfeco.1994.965
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