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Les interdépendances entre les sphères réelles et la sphère environnementale. Une analyse à l'aide d'un modèle d'équilibre général calculable

Author

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  • Mouez Fodha
  • Lionel Lemiale

Abstract

[fre] Ce travail se propose d'évaluer les réformes fiscales environnementales à l'aide d'un modèle d'équilibre général appliqué. Il s'agit d'un modèle bisectoriel dans lequel les consommateurs ont la possibilité de consommer, outre un bien standard, un bien vert, respectueux de l'environnement. L'arbitrage entre les consommations se fait à l'aide d'un prix implicite pour l'environnement. Nous distinguons deux catégories de ménages, des travailleurs qualifiés et des travailleurs non qualifiés. Par ailleurs, une activité publique de dépollution est financée par des taxes sur les émissions polluantes. Les scénarios fiscaux envisagés ont pour but l'amélioration conjointe de la sphère environnementale et de la sphère économique. Les résultats montrent que la redistribution des recettes des taxes environnementales à un secteur de dépollution, plutôt que par la seule baisse des cotisations sociales, est plus à même de mener à une situation de double dividende. [eng] Interdependency between the economic and the environmental spheres: an applied general equilibrium analysis. This paper analyzes the environmental fiscal reform within an applied general equilibrium model framework. A bi-sectorial economy is characterized by two goods, polluting versus non polluting, and two types of workers, one who is skilled and rich, and the other who is unskilled and poor. For each type of household, the arbitrage conditions are determined by endogenous environmental preferences. Government finances a public pollution abatement sector thanks to environmental taxes. We characterize numerically the necessary conditions in order to satisfy the "double dividend" condition. The simulation results show that a double dividend case can occur when the revenue of the environmental tax is recycled by financing abatement activity instead of by a reduction of the labor tax rate.

Suggested Citation

  • Mouez Fodha & Lionel Lemiale, 2002. "Les interdépendances entre les sphères réelles et la sphère environnementale. Une analyse à l'aide d'un modèle d'équilibre général calculable," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 53(5), pages 965-982.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_2002_num_53_5_410456
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.2002.410456
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.2002.410456
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