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Transitions ou mutations. Pour une nouvelle économie politique de la transformation postcommuniste

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  • Domenico Mario Nuti

Abstract

[eng] Transition or mutations ? For a new political economy of post-communist transformation. . The recent collapse of communist-led regimes in central eastern Europe can be seen, paradoxically, as the outcome of precisely the kind of conflicts and con­tradictions that Marx had associated with the transition of capitalism to socialism, such as : failure to adjust accumulation policy to the exhaustion of labour and other reserves, growing shortages, mounting inefficiency. In the new systems there are often remnants that should no longer be there, such as central planning mentality, populism, an unchanged residual state sector. Parts essential to the new system are missing, such as basic market infrastructure, state administration, concertation mechanisms. New unwanted parts have appeared in their stead : rent seeking, organised crime, "employeeism". Hence the emphasis on "mutations", rather than orderly, one-way, direct transition to the market economy. [fre] Transitions ou mutations. Pour une nouvelle économie politique de la transformation postcommuniste. . L'effondrement récent des régimes à direction communiste en Europe centrale et orientale peut être paradoxalement interprété précisément comme le résultat du type de conflits et de contradictions que Marx associait à la transition du capitalisme au socialisme : échec de l'ajustement de la politique d'accumulation à l'épuisement des ressources en main-d'œuvre et autres réserves ; pénuries croissantes ; inefficacité grandissante. Les nouveaux systèmes comportent sou­vent des résidus qui ne devraient pas s'y trouver: mentalité de planification centrale, populisme, secteur d'État inchangé. Des pièces essentielles au nouveau système font défaut : infrastructure de base du marché, administration d'État moderne, mécanismes de concertation. De nouvelles pièces indésirables sont apparues à la place des pièces manquantes : recherche de rentes, crime organisé, « employisme ». D'où l'accent que nous mettons sur les « mutations », plutôt que sur une transition ordonnée, à sens unique, directe vers l'économie de marché. Le produit final demeure indéterminé.

Suggested Citation

  • Domenico Mario Nuti, 1997. "Transitions ou mutations. Pour une nouvelle économie politique de la transformation postcommuniste," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 48(3), pages 719-730.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1997_num_48_3_409910
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1997.409910
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1997.409910
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