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Théorie des prix et sélection de techniques ou de projets

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  • Dominique Lacaze

Abstract

[fre] Théorie des prix et sélection de techniques ou de projets . . L'étude de la sélection des techniques ou des projets dans les modèles linéaires de croissance conduit à décrire trois modes d'accumulation ou de désaccumulation du capital. Les techniques ordinairement décrites permettent de représenter la croissance moyenne d'une branche ou secteur et le critère dual de sélection est alors le profit calculé sur chaque période. Lorsqu'on introduit dans le modèle des projets importants en utilisant leur description par échéancier de recettes et dépenses, ceux-ci sont sélectionnés par le modèle selon le critère du bénéfice, c'est-à-dire selon un bilan interternporel. Enfin, l'exploitation des équipements préalablement implantés peut conduire à une désaccumulation accélérée et c'est alors le critère de la marge sur coût variable qui décide de leur emploi ou de leur abandon. On voit aussi comment le phénomène de rendement croissant peut intervenir dans de tels modèles. [eng] Price theory and selection of techniques or projects. . Choice of techniques or of projects in linear growth modela leads to describe three types of capital accumulation or disaccumulation.. Von Neumann's modelization allouas the study of the growth of sectors, and its associated dual criterion is the profit on each period. But, when sotne large project is introduced in the model by considering its receipts and expenditures schedule, it is shown that the dual criterion becornes the one of net present value index, taking account of the intertemporal balance. Finally, the rnodel icorks on the existing rneans of production according to the gross margin index. Dual, mechanisms are therefore consistent with the usual management criteria. Such linear growth models also can take into account increasing returns.

Suggested Citation

  • Dominique Lacaze, 1986. "Théorie des prix et sélection de techniques ou de projets," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 37(4), pages 677-696.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1986_num_37_4_408934
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