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Recherche-développement et échanges techniques avec l'étranger dans l'industrie française : une étude statistique

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  • Jean-Paul François

Abstract

[eng] Research and development expenditures and foreign . Technological payments in french industry. Jean-Paul, François. French industry is a net importer of technology. In the field of patents and licenses the deficit is important : it is caused mostly by the heavy purchase of these patents from advanced industriailized countries. It is only partially offset by the revenue earned thanks to the sale, mostly to developing countries, of know-how and related services, a sector which is less technology-intensive. In order to make the link between these patterns of exchange and Research and Development in France clear, a data base has been set up. The analysis of this nearly exhaustive data set shows in particular, that the aspect of technology « transformation » which is apparently typical of French industry — because of its effort in R & D — is in fact the resulting combination of very different kinds of actions on the part of two types of firms. Nationalized industries do most of the R c& D in France, they are not strongly oriented towards the outside world and mostly export-know and related services. Subsidiaries of foreign companies import technology heavily, for the most part patents and licenses and their contribution to R & D in France is weak. [fre] L'industrie française est importatrice nette de technologie. Son déficit extérieur est profond au titre des brevets et licences et occasionné principalement par des achats importants aux pays développés. Il n'est que partiellement compensé par des recettes d'assistance technique, modalité moins dense en technologie obtenue pour l'essentiel avec les pays en voie de développement. Pour mettre en évidence la liaison entre cette configuration d'échange et la recherche-développement industrielle française a été constituée une base de données par entreprise. De l'analyse de cet ensemble de données individuelles, il ressort, en particulier, que le rôle de « transformateur » de technologie, que semble jouer l'industrie française par son effort de recherche-développement domestique, est en fait la résultante des comportements très différents de deux types d'opérateurs. Les groupes publics industriels réalisent l'essentiel de l'effort de recherche-développement, sont peu ouverts sur l'extérieur et exportent surtout de l'assistance technique. Les entreprises filiales de l'étranger sont fortement importatrices de technologie essentiellement sous forme de brevets et licences et concourent peu à la recherche-développement française.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Paul François, 1985. "Recherche-développement et échanges techniques avec l'étranger dans l'industrie française : une étude statistique," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 36(5), pages 1043-1080.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1985_num_36_5_408880
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1985.408880
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1985.408880
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    References listed on IDEAS

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    1. Dominique Deberdt & Élie Messeca, 1977. "L'incidence de la recherche sur les entreprises industrielles," Économie et Statistique, Programme National Persée, vol. 95(1), pages 43-53.
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