IDEAS home Printed from https://ideas.repec.org/a/prs/reveco/reco_0035-2764_1981_num_32_2_408594.html
   My bibliography  Save this article

Quelques applications de la théorie des jeux aux relations économiques internationales

Author

Listed:
  • Christian Stoffaes

Abstract

[eng] A game theory approach to international economic relations. Christian Stoffaes. Game theory concepts, such as dissuasion, cooperation, cartels and coalitions, etc. can be usefully applied to a better understanding of those economic relations, where pure and perfect competition analysis is irrelevant.. Cooperative games provide a conceptual tool for neo-mercantilist trade and organized free trade between nation-states having contrasted economic policy objectives and varions levels of development. Even if free trade is mutually beneficial, individualiste strategies involving non economic objectives often lead to protectionism : compensation mechanisms are necessary to guarantee international economic cooperation.. Coalitions theory is used to describe the logic of regional economic blocks, which may comtitute an alternative to worldwick multilateral free-trade. Finally, the new structure of the world oil market is modelized through three different approaches. Under free competition, the optimal price of crude oil should increase exponentially, from a present level of 10 $, to adjust in due time to the cost of substitute sources in its various uses, when substitution becomes necessary. But price levels under competitive conditions is intrinsecally unstable and has to be regulated. The duopolistic model shows that producers and consumers have a common interest to cooperate in the long run, instead of pursuing confrontation strategies, involving high price levels and substitution crash programs.. The model with three players exhibits the relative strenghs of the coalitions involving respectively the dovish-producers and the hawkish-producers (OPEC) and the dovish-producers and the consumers (U.S.-Saudi Arabia). It also shows the mutual benefit resulting from a world energy agreement compared to indivi-dualistic confrontation strategies. [fre] Les concepts de la théorie des jeux, tels que dissuasion, coopération, cartels et coalitions etc., peuvent utilement servir à la compréhension des relations écono­miques qui ne relèvent pas de la concurrence parfaite.. La théorie du jeu coopératif permet une représentation de l'échange néo-mercan-tiliste et de la notion de libre-échangisme organisé entre Etats-nations ayant des objectifs de politique économique et des niveaux de développement différents. Même si le libre-échange est mutuellement bénéfique, les stratégies individuelles conduisent souvent au protectionnisme : il faut des mécanismes de compensation pour garantir la coopération économique internationale.. La théorie des coalitions donne une image des blocs économiques régionaux, qui peuvent constituer une alternative au libre-échangisme multilatéral à l'échelle mondiale.. Enfin, la modélisation des nouvelles structures du marché pétrolier mondial fait intervenir trois représentations complémentaires. La théorie de la concurrence parfaite montre que le prix optimal du pétrole doit s'élever progressivement, d'un niveau actuel de 10 $ par baril environ pour s'ajuster dans l'avenir au coût des substituts dans les différents usages. Mais le niveau du prix est intrinsèquement instable dans les conditions de concurrence. Le modèle duopolistique montre que producteurs et consommateurs ont intérêt à conclure une entente (instable) sur un schéma progressif de substitution plutôt qu'à jouer des stratégies confronta-tionnelles de prix élevés et de programmes-catastrophes d'indépendance énergéti­que. Le modèle à trois acteurs permet d'apprécier la stabilité relative des coalitions entre consommateurs et producteurs-colombes (USA-Arabie Saoudite) et entre producteurs-colombes et producteurs-faucons (OPEP) : il montre également l'intérêt mutuel de la recherche d'un accord mondial global sur l'énergie par rapport à des stratégies de confrontation.

Suggested Citation

  • Christian Stoffaes, 1981. "Quelques applications de la théorie des jeux aux relations économiques internationales," Revue Économique, Programme National Persée, vol. 32(2), pages 271-340.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1981_num_32_2_408594
    DOI: 10.3406/reco.1981.408594
    Note: DOI:10.3406/reco.1981.408594
    as

    Download full text from publisher

    File URL: https://doi.org/10.3406/reco.1981.408594
    Download Restriction: Data and metadata provided by Persée are licensed under a Creative Commons "Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0" License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

    File URL: https://www.persee.fr/doc/reco_0035-2764_1981_num_32_2_408594
    Download Restriction: Data and metadata provided by Persée are licensed under a Creative Commons "Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0" License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/3.0/

    File URL: https://libkey.io/10.3406/reco.1981.408594?utm_source=ideas
    LibKey link: if access is restricted and if your library uses this service, LibKey will redirect you to where you can use your library subscription to access this item
    ---><---

    As the access to this document is restricted, you may want to search for a different version of it.

    More about this item

    Statistics

    Access and download statistics

    Corrections

    All material on this site has been provided by the respective publishers and authors. You can help correct errors and omissions. When requesting a correction, please mention this item's handle: RePEc:prs:reveco:reco_0035-2764_1981_num_32_2_408594. See general information about how to correct material in RePEc.

    If you have authored this item and are not yet registered with RePEc, we encourage you to do it here. This allows to link your profile to this item. It also allows you to accept potential citations to this item that we are uncertain about.

    We have no bibliographic references for this item. You can help adding them by using this form .

    If you know of missing items citing this one, you can help us creating those links by adding the relevant references in the same way as above, for each refering item. If you are a registered author of this item, you may also want to check the "citations" tab in your RePEc Author Service profile, as there may be some citations waiting for confirmation.

    For technical questions regarding this item, or to correct its authors, title, abstract, bibliographic or download information, contact: Equipe PERSEE (email available below). General contact details of provider: https://www.persee.fr/collection/reco .

    Please note that corrections may take a couple of weeks to filter through the various RePEc services.

    IDEAS is a RePEc service. RePEc uses bibliographic data supplied by the respective publishers.