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L'intégration spatiale de marchés et échange discontinu : une analyse des marchés spot urbains pour la tomate au Zimbabwe

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  • Edward Mabaya

Abstract

[fre] Cette recherche vise à comprendre le fonctionnement des marchés agricoles où interviennent des petits exploitants au Zimbabwe, en évaluant le degré d'intégration entre les différents marchés spot (au comptant) urbains pour la tomate. Utilisant des séries de prix et de coûts de transfert entre les marchés, cette analyse utilise le modèle avec seuils de parité de Baulch qui permet de prendre en considération le caractère discontinu de l'échange et donc les cassures dans les relations de prix entre marchés. Pour la plupart des couples de marchés considérés, les résultats montrent des probabilités élevées d'être à l'intérieur des seuils de parité pour la plupart des marchés, suggérant des coûts de transport prohibitifs (coûts de transfert entre marchés plus élevés que les différences de prix). Des probabilités significatives de transgresser les conditions d'arbitrage spatial, indiquant des inefficacités, apparaissent pour seulement trois des quinze couples de marchés. Pour améliorer le bien-être des exploitants agricoles par l'intermédiaire les marchés agricoles, la politique publique doit se concentrer sur la façon de réduire les coûts de transfert entre marchés pour qu'un arbitrage puisse exister. Les méthodes possibles pour diminuer les coûts de transport incluent la location des camions gouvernementaux peu ou pas utilisés et le back-hauling par des compagnies privées. [eng] Spatial market integration under discontinuous trade: an analysis of urban spot markets for tomatoes in Zimbabwe - This paper advances a diagnostic understanding of smallholder agricultural markets in Zimbabwe by evaluating market integration between urban spot markets for tomatoes. Utilizing prices series and intermarket transfer cost data, the analysis employs Baulch's Parity Bounds Model which allows for discontinuous trade and thus kinked price relationships between markets. The results show for most market pairs high probabilities of being inside parity bounds between most markets suggesting prohibitive transportation costs (intermarket transfer costs exceed price differentials). Only for three out of the fifteen market pairs are there significant probabilities of violating spatial arbitrage conditions indicating inefficiencies. To improve welfare through agricultural markets, public policy should focus on ways to reduce intermarket transfer costs for arbitragers. Possible ways to lower transportation costs include leasing of underutilize government tracks and back-hauling by private companies.

Suggested Citation

  • Edward Mabaya, 2004. "L'intégration spatiale de marchés et échange discontinu : une analyse des marchés spot urbains pour la tomate au Zimbabwe," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 283(1), pages 62-71.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_2004_num_283_1_5506
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.2004.5506
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.2004.5506
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