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La loi sur la protection des espèces sauvages : des mesures inefficaces, inadéquates... et pourtant bien utiles

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  • Raphaël Larrère

Abstract

[eng] THE WILD SPECIES PROTECTION ACT: INADEQUATE, INEFFICIENT, ... YETUSEFULL . A nature protection act has been enacted in France on July 10, 1976. The rationals behind protecting endangered species (based on anthropologie, biocentric, or ecocentric considerations) are first discussed. Then, one indicates the reasons for why the enforcement of this law is both sociogolically infeasible, and ecologicaly inefficient. Ironically, if it had any positive effects on nature protection, the reasons lie mostly in unintentionnal consequences of the regulations it imposes. First, naturalists, whose former interest in their personnal collections led to a predatory behaviour, were induced to self restraint. Then, beyond the protection of endangered species, it was mainly used to protect the corresponding ecological niches, which is its main benefit. [fre] Après avoir procédé à l'examen critique des argumentations (anthropocentrique, biocentri- que, écocentrique) qui légitiment la protection des espèces et des populations d'espèces menacées, l'article interprète la loi du 10 Juillet 1976 sur la protection de la nature, comme un compromis entre un utilitarisme élargi aux intérêts scientifiques et une éthique biocentrique. Sont alors exposées les raisons pour lesquelles les dispositions de la loi en faveur des espèces protégées, socialement inapplicables, n'ont en outre guère de pertinence écologique. Il apparaît paradoxalement que, si cette loi a favorisé la protection de la nature, c'est en raison de ses effets non intentionnels. D'abord, elle a conduit les naturalistes, jadis grands prédateurs pour leurs collections particulières à s'autodiscipliner. Ensuite, l'usage que l'on en a fait a promu, au-delà de la protection des espèces, celle de leurs habitats.

Suggested Citation

  • Raphaël Larrère, 2000. "La loi sur la protection des espèces sauvages : des mesures inefficaces, inadéquates... et pourtant bien utiles," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 260(1), pages 126-134.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_2000_num_260_1_1116
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.2000.1116
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.2000.1116
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