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Le système coopératif laitier en Inde à l'épreuve de la libéralisation

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  • Véronique Alary

Abstract

[eng] The cooperative dairy milk system in india since the liberalization . In 20 years the average availability of milk has crossed 112 gms per day per inhabitant (1973-1974) to about 194 (1994- 1995). These achievements lie numerous technical and organizational efforts to tap a scattered supply system and make the product accessible to the urban population. These results are the fruits of « Operation Flood », launched by the National Dairy Development Board (nddb) in 1970-1971. However, since the liberalization of the dairy sector in 1991, the increase in number of the private dairy industries threatens the monopoly of the nddb. But the possible imports of milk powder at low price, specially from Europe and New Zealand, could constitute the biggest danger to the producers and the nddb, and, in the longer term, to the national production of milk. [fre] En 20 ans, la consommation moyenne de lait en Inde est passée de 112 grammes par jour par personne à près de 1 94 grâce à la mise en place d'un réseau de près de 75 000 coopératives sur tout le territoire indien. Aujourd'hui, le système coopératif laitier (nddb) détient 57 % du marché organisé du lait, avec une capacité de 12,3 millions de litre de lait par jour. La libéralisation de la filière lait amorcée en 1991 risque de remettre en cause 30 ans de monopole de la nddb sur le marché indien mais aussi 30 ans d'efforts pour acheminer une offre dispersée et la redistribuer dans plus de 550 villes indiennes.

Suggested Citation

  • Véronique Alary, 1999. "Le système coopératif laitier en Inde à l'épreuve de la libéralisation," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 252(1), pages 35-41.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1999_num_252_1_5098
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1999.5098
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1999.5098
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