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Dévaluation et consommation alimentaire en zone franc. Le cas du Burkina Faso

Author

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  • Daniel Deybe
  • Anne-Sophie Robilliard

Abstract

[fre] La décision de dévaluer le franc CFA en zone franc devait, selon ses promoteurs, engendrer une amélioration de la compétitivité à l'exportation, une baisse des importations et une reprise du développement économique en général, notamment dans le secteur agricole. Cependant, ces effets auraient pu avoir d'importantes conséquences négatives au niveau social, notamment sur la consommation alimentaire. C'est pourquoi le Burkina Faso et d'autres pays ont mis en œuvre des politiques visant à atténuer ces derniers effets. Pour compléter l'évaluation de l'impact de la dévaluation sur les producteurs agricoles ainsi que sur les consommateurs, un modèle sectoriel a été élaboré combinant le comportement des producteurs et celui des consommateurs. Les résultats indiquent que la dévaluation a eu en 1994-1995 un impact positif pour les agriculteurs (notamment de la région ouest). Les consommateurs urbains semblent avoir répondu à l'augmentation de prix par la substitution entre produits (riz par riz/brisures ou mil, etc.). Mais le rééquilibrage de la balance de paiement se fait attendre. [eng] Devaluation and food consumption in the franc zone. the case of Burkina Faso. . The decision of devaluating de F CFA should generate the decrease of imports, the improvement of exports competiti- vity, and of economic development in general, in particular of the agricultural sector. However, these effects can have negative social consequences, specially on food consumption. This is the reason why Burkina Faso among other countries implemented policies to partially avoid these negative impacts. An agricultural sector model was built up for this country to complete the analysis of the impact of the devaluation. This model is based on detailled representation of farmers' and consummers' behaviours (based on preferences and budgets). The results indicate that the devaluation had a positive impact on farmers in general but specially for those of the western region. Urban consummers seemed to have responded by a substitution among products (rice by broken rice or millet, etc.). The results on the trade balance are lower that expected.

Suggested Citation

  • Daniel Deybe & Anne-Sophie Robilliard, 1998. "Dévaluation et consommation alimentaire en zone franc. Le cas du Burkina Faso," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 244(1), pages 49-53.
    • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1998_num_244_1_5000
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1998.5000
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1998.5000
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    Cited by:

    1. Michel Griffon, 2000. "Les pays en développement et l'économie internationale dans la revue Economie rurale de 1949 à 1999," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 255(1), pages 169-184.

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