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Évolution du système financier rural à Java -Indonésie-

Author

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  • Sandrine Dury
  • Cécile Lapenu

Abstract

[fre] A travers des études de cas les auteurs décrivent la diversité et le rôle des secteurs formel et informel du système financier indonésien en milieu rural. L'analyse d'exemples concrets montre que l'opposition classique entre formel et informel basée sur le niveau des taux d'intérêt des emprunts n'est pas justifiée : à service égal (de la part du prêteur) et à niveau de garantie comparable (pour l'emprunteur) les taux des deux systèmes sont voisins. Après une période interventionniste, le secteur formel a été soumis à un certain nombre de réglementations libérales depuis 1983. En milieu rural cette politique a entraîné une multiplication des banques et des progrès dans la mobilisation de l'épargne. En revanche les crédits distribués ont diminué par leur volume et leur nombre et sont même inférieurs à l'épargne collectée. Le secteur informel remplit ainsi une fonction essentielle au niveau du crédit et de l'assurance en particulier pour les pauvres. Au niveau institutionnel, se pose le problème de la création de services de crédit capables de répondre à la demande rurale, exprimée actuellement par des ménages et des micro-entreprises qui, pour la plupart, ne remplissent pas les conditions nécessaires à l'entrée sur le marché financier formel. [eng] The authors describe the diversity and role of both informal and formal rural financial systems through the analysis of different case studies. They demonstrate that it is not justified to contrast the informal sector with the formal sector on the basis of interest rate levels: for comparable levels of services (by the lender) and guarantee (from the borrower), interest rates charged by both systems are equivalent. Until 1983, the formal financial sector was tightly controlled by interventionist public policies. Since 1983, the process of deregulation has led to a large increase in the number of banks and to sensible improvements in saving mobilisation. However, the amount and number of loans to the rural sector have decreased and are falling below the level of rural savings. Informal agents are thus playing a decisive role in credit and insurance systems, especially towards the poor. The institutional issue is now to create and develop suitable credit services to match the characteristics of rural demand, which does not meet the minimum requirements to enter the formal financial market.

Suggested Citation

  • Sandrine Dury & Cécile Lapenu, 1995. "Évolution du système financier rural à Java -Indonésie-," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 227(1), pages 34-43.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1995_num_227_1_4732
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1995.4732
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1995.4732
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    Cited by:

    1. Michel Griffon, 2000. "Les pays en développement et l'économie internationale dans la revue Economie rurale de 1949 à 1999," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 255(1), pages 169-184.

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