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Revenus et politiques agricoles, efficacité et équité - un modèle pour des réponses quantifiées

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  • Pierre-Alain Jayet

Abstract

[fre] Les réformes de la PAC auront des répercussions inévitables sur les revenus. A l'aide de modèles d'offre intégrant les instruments de ces réformes, une approche de type prospectif permet d'évaluer les impacts de diverses options de la PAC sur les revenus agricoles. La réforme étudiée met l'accent sur le découplage entre prix et soutien des revenus. On s'efforce d'apprécier dans quelle mesure la politique choisie est efficace et équitable au regard des critères proposés par la théorie économique. La nouvelle PAC ne semble pas en mesure de répondre à ces exigences. Seule la transparence des transferts est un bon indicateur du prix payé par la société pour son agriculture. Les résultats présentés mettent l'accent sur les marges brutes agricoles et les dépenses budgétaires hors restitution aux exportations. Des différences importantes apparaissent entre agriculteurs et éleveurs, de façon sensiblement différente d'une région à l'autre. On s'interroge alors sur l'émergence possible de politiques agricoles régionales traduisant des préférences sociales différentes pour l'agriculture. [eng] Agricultural incomes and policies, efficiency and equity - a model for quantitative responses . CAP reforms will have important consequences on income. By help of supply models which take into account the major policy tools, a prospective approach allows us to estimate impacts of various scenarii on agricultural incomes. The studied reform is focused on price - income decoupling. It is viewed according to criteria of equity and efficiency from the economic theory. The "new CAP" seems not to be suitable. Only the increasing transparency of transfers could be a good mean to measure the social cost of agricultural substainability. Presented results allow us to focus on agricultural gross margins and public budget expenditure (except refunds to exports). Important differences appear between crop farmers and breeders. These differences have to be seen from a regional point of view. It could lead to regional agricultural policies as the counterpart of various social preferences to the agricultural sector.

Suggested Citation

  • Pierre-Alain Jayet, 1994. "Revenus et politiques agricoles, efficacité et équité - un modèle pour des réponses quantifiées," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 220(1), pages 140-145.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1994_num_220_1_4630
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1994.4630
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1994.4630
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