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Agricultures post-communistes en Europe centrale : récession, protection, restructuration lente

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  • Alain Pouliquen

Abstract

[fre] Depuis 1990 la libération des prix et des échanges et la restriction monétaire ont rétréci les marchés agroalimentaires intérieurs de la Hongrie, de la Pologne et de la Tchécoslovaquie cependant que la liquidation du CAEM et l'effondrement soviétique réduisaient gravement leurs débouchés à l'Est, l'ensemble provoquant une crise excédentaire, purement conjoncturelle, en agriculture. Le monopolisme et l'inefficacité des activités d'amont et d'aval y ont ajouté une grave crise financière. La récession agricole consécutive est durable, vue l'incapacité des privatisations en cours à corriger vite la profonde inadéquation des structures du secteur aux nouveaux rapports de prix. Compte tenu d'une stabilisation de la demande intérieure et malgré une protection accrue, ceci va probablement ramener la Tchécoslovaquie et la Pologne à l'agro-importation nette et réduire Pagro-exportation hongroise de produits de masse. A plus long terme une reprise économique globale, la réforme et l'ouverture accrue de la PAC, et une dynamisation des circuits agro-alimentaires d'aval, pourraient renverser ce tableau récessif, compte tenu du potentiel important de ces pays. [eng] Post. Communist agricultures in central Europe : recession, protection, slow restructuring . . Since 1990, in Hungary, Poland and Czechoslovakia, the price and trade liberalization and the moretary restriction have shrunk the food domestic markets, while the liquidation of CEMA and the soviet economic collapse have much reduced eastern outlets. The resulting financial and surplus crisis in agriculture have been sharpened by the monopolist structure and the inefficiency of upstream and dowstream links. The ensuing agricultural recession could be lasting because the privatization process will not quickly cope with structural inadequacy of the sector. Despite increased import protection, this is going to bring back Czechoslovakia and Poland to net agro-import positions, and to shrink hungarian exports of bulk products. On longer term, a global economic recovery, CAP reform and opening, and new dynamic in dowstream links could reverse the recessive trend, in view of the high agricultural potential of these countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Alain Pouliquen, 1993. "Agricultures post-communistes en Europe centrale : récession, protection, restructuration lente," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 214(1), pages 6-11.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1993_num_214_1_4520
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1993.4520
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1993.4520
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