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Quelques-unes des contributions les plus récentes au débat théorique sur l'économie du développement

Author

Listed:
  • Gervasio Antonelli
  • Laura Raimondo

Abstract

[fre] Contrairement à certaines affirmations, l'analyse des contributions scientifiques les plus significatives des années 1 980-90, révèle que la théorie du développement est en pleine effervescence intellectuelle. Le thème du développement et les moyens de l'atteindre sont étudiés de manière sérieuse et rationnelle. A travers l'analyse des positions théoriques de la dernière décennie, l'article discute les thèmes principaux et les solutions que la théorie économique offre pour réduire l'écart persistant entre pays riches et pauvres. La cohérence et les aspects positifs et normatifs des modèles théoriques sont analysés. Cela va de la critique de la théorie orthodoxe du développement jusqu'à l'approche structuraliste, de l'héritage keynésien aux théories de la contre-révolution néo-classique, des évolutions de l'approche marxiste aux dernières contributions de F "école éclectique". Les plus récentes contributions relatives aux théories de l'information imparfaite et à celles des "choix rationnels marxistes" laissent espérer, même si ce n'est que de manière partielle, une alternative à l'inadéquation des paradigmes traditionnels concernant les insuffisances du marché et celles de l'Etat. Une nouvelle "théorie générale" n'est pas en vue, mais à travers des modèles fragmentaires, il est possible d'accroître la marge de manœuvre pour mieux interpréter la réalité différenciée des pays en développement. [eng] Analysis of the more important scientific contributions of the Nineteen-eighties reveals that, contrary to what is affirmed in various quarters, development theory is in an intellectually flourishing state. The subjects of development and the instruments for attaining it are being reconsidered in a serious and rational manner. Through analysis of the theoretical positions of the last decade, the article discusses the main themes and the normative solutions that economic theory offers for overcoming the persisting gap in development between rich and poor countries. The coherence and the positive and normative aspects of theoritical models are analyzed. These range from critisimi of orthodox development theory to the structuralist approach, from the Keynesian heritage to theories of the neo-classical counter-revolution, from evolutions of the Marxist approach to the latest contributions of the "eclectic school". The more recent contributions relating to theories of impertect information and to those of "rational-choice Marxists" raise the possibility of finding, even if only partially, a solution for the inadequacy of tradditional paradigms concerning 'lailures" of the market and of the State. No attempt is made to offer a "general theory" but instead, through fragmented models, to acquire a broader capacity for interpreting the highly differentiated reality of developing countries.

Suggested Citation

  • Gervasio Antonelli & Laura Raimondo, 1992. "Quelques-unes des contributions les plus récentes au débat théorique sur l'économie du développement," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 212(1), pages 3-11.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1992_num_212_1_4502
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1992.4502
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1992.4502
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