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La réforme de la PAC : le débat britannique

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  • Ian Sturgess

Abstract

[fre] Ici sont résumées les opinions de quelques groupes britanniques au sujet de la réforme de la PAC. Elles sont en partie présentées telles qu'elles ont été soumises au Parlement. Les économistes approuvent un abaissement des prix de soutien et un meilleur rapport avec les prix mondiaux pour mieux profiter des avantages du libre-échange. Le Gouvernement va dans ce sens, mais il appuie le gel des terres, à condition que la charge soit supportée de façon égale par les pays de la CE. Le Gouvernement cherche avant tout à diminuer le coût fiscal de la PAC et à s'assurer qu'elle ne se fait pas au détriment du Royaume-Uni. Ainsi s'oppose-t-il à la modulation - ainsi que tous les autres groupes. Les agriculteurs commencent à croire qu'un changement radical va intervenir et recherchent plus de certitude. Leurs syndicats préfèrent un système de contrôle de l'offre aux propositions Mac Sharry. Les organismes qui s'occupent des problèmes d'environnement ne soutiennent pas spécialement une politique en faveur de l'agriculture familiale ni le gel des terres. Les industries en aval sont en faveur du libre-échange mais timidement parce que quelques-unes tirent profit de la PAC. Les industries en amont considèrent la PAC existante avec plus d'intérêt et s'opposent à la réduction de la production et à l'exten- sification. Au total, ce qui réunit le plus les groupes d'intérêt concernant la réforme, c'est leur opposition à la modulation et à l'utilisation de la PAC pour maintenir la population agricole en l'état. [eng] The british debate on the reform of the CAP . The attitudes of several British interest groups to the reform of the CAP are briefly described. These are partly as shown by their parliamentary submissions. British economists support a lowering of support prices and their better linkage with world prices to gain better the great advantages of free trade. This is in part the view of the government but it supports the set-aside of land, provided the burden is equally shared among member countries. Above all the government seeks to lower the exchequer cost of the CAP and to ensure that it does not disadvantage the UK. Thus like all the other groups it opposes modulation. Producers are now coming to accept that the CAP must change but deplore the continuing uncertainty about how it will do so. Their unions prefer supply control to the MacSharry proposals. Environmental groups in the main support neither a policy slanted toward family farms nor land withdrawal. Processing and marketing industries favour free trade but not very forcefully because some profit from the CAP. Upstream industries support the existing CAP more strongly especially insofar as it stimulates production and the intensive use of inputs. The interest groups are most united with respect to the MacSharry proposals in their opposition to modulation and the use of the CAP to maintain the existing agricultural population.

Suggested Citation

  • Ian Sturgess, 1992. "La réforme de la PAC : le débat britannique," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 211(1), pages 30-33.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1992_num_211_1_4488
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1992.4488
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1992.4488
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