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Le processus de « counter-urbanisation » (Grande-Bretagne) et la « péri-urbanisation » (France) : deux modèles de retour à la campagne

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  • Henry Buller

Abstract

[eng] This article seeks to identify and explain the different counterurbanisation experiences of Britain and France and attempts to place these different experiences in the context of the two nations' varied rural traditions. While the most significant characteristic of recent British rural population expansion has been net demographic growth in those rural areas lying furthest from urban centres, French non-metropolitan population growth continues to be most pronounced in rural areas lying adjacent or near to urban regions. A major reason for this difference, it is suggested, lies in the comparative lateness of French urbanisation though other factors, notably differing residential preferences and State land use policy contexts have undoubtedly helped distinguish the two national experiences. Ultimately however, one needs to look at the different importance and function of rural areas in each nation's overall composition if the process of urban to rural population shift is to be understood in any genuine individual national context. [fre] Cet article examine les différentes expériences de retour à la campagne de la Grande-Bretagne et de la France et les replace dans le contexte des traditions rurales variées de ces deux pays. L'expansion récente de la population rurale britannique se caractérise par une croissance démographique marquée dans les régions rurales les plus éloignées des centres urbains, tandis que la croissance de la population rurale française continue à être plus prononcée dans les communes rurales adjacentes ou proches des régions urbanisées. Cet article suggère que cette différence s'explique principalement par le retard relatif de l'urbanisation en France bien que d'autres facteurs, notamment les préférences résidentielles divergentes et les différentes politiques nationales d'aménagement du territoire aient sans doute contribué à distinguer les deux expériences. Toutefois, il est nécessaire de considérer l'importance et la fonction des régions rurales par rapport à la composition globale de chaque nation pour pouvoir comprendre la migration de l'urbain au rural dans un contexte national précis.

Suggested Citation

  • Henry Buller, 1991. "Le processus de « counter-urbanisation » (Grande-Bretagne) et la « péri-urbanisation » (France) : deux modèles de retour à la campagne," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 202(1), pages 40-43.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1991_num_202_1_4183
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1991.4183
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1991.4183
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