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Les politiques alimentaires sont-elles adaptées aux changements d'habitudes alimentaires en Afrique au sud du Sahara ?

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  • Georges Courade

Abstract

[fre] Le recours de plus en plus massif aux importations alimentaires en Afrique au sud du Sahara ne signifie pas nécessairement une dégradation générale de la production vivrière ou l'adoption d'un modèle alimentaire extérieur, en ville notamment. Les habitudes alimentaires sont encore largement indépendantes des conditions d'approvisionnement, mais les prix relatifs des divers aliments commencent à peser sur l'évolution de la demande marchande. Les bas prix des céréales importées défavorisent d'abord les petits producteurs ruraux. Les politiques alimentaires mises en œuvre reposent sur des hypothèses contraires à celles avancées ici et répondent aux préoccupations financières des Etats. Elles sont donc difficiles à modifier et impuissantes à résoudre les problèmes alimentaires. Elles font en particulier l'impasse sur les solutions mises au point par l'artisanat alimentaire et la restauration populaire au profit de produits agro-industriels imités ou naturalisés trop chers et peu appréciés. [eng] In the South of Sahara part of Africa, the more and more increasing food imports do not necessarily mean a generalized impoverishment of food production or the adoption of western food patterns, particularly in urban areas. The food habits are still largely independent of supply conditions, but relative prices of various products are beginning to stress upon the evolution of market demand. The low prices of imported cereals create unfavourable condition principally to small farmers. Food policies are based on hypotheses contrary to those proposed in this paper, and are first aimed to meet the financial requirements of the states. They are difficult to modify and helpless to solve food problems. Particularly, they do not take into account solutions offered by alimentary craftsmen and eating houses, and prefer copied or naturalized agro-industrial products too expensive and few appreciated.

Suggested Citation

  • Georges Courade, 1989. "Les politiques alimentaires sont-elles adaptées aux changements d'habitudes alimentaires en Afrique au sud du Sahara ?," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 190(1), pages 21-26.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1989_num_190_1_3960
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1989.3960
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1989.3960
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