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Modalités de gestion des quotas laitiers français Premier bilan et perspectives

Author

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  • M. Prost

Abstract

[eng] Dairy quotas management in France. First results and future prospects - Dairy quotas were introduced into the EEC on April 2nd 1984 for a transitory period of 5 years. France choose to apply the quotas to dairy plants. The first two crop years benefitted from the results of a campaign to induce a limitation of production which was very successful in France and which allowed a redistribution of some 1.6 million tons of reference quantities. Producers in a period of growth could thus benefit from an additional reference quantity with a fixed guaranteed minimum for the first crop year. As the national reserve was relatively small, it was impossible to use it as an adjustment device but mountain areas and newly established young farmers were nevertheless granted priority. During the first period, the reorganization between producers and dairy plants did not lead to an important transfer of reference quantities from one area to the other, but it is probable that the redistribution of unused quotas will. The absence of a quota market is probably due to the undefined legal status and ownership of the quotas. The system of applying quotas to the dairy plants leaves a greater liberty of management which is beneficial to the producers but it gives lesser margin for the participation of the farmers in the local management and distribution of reference quantities as well as for the development of a regional decision center. [fre] Le contingentement de la production laitière a été instauré dans la communauté européenne le 2 avril 1 984 pour une période provisoire de 5 ans. La France a choisi la formule du quota par laiterie. Le déroulement des deux premières campagnes a été facilité par des programmes d'incitation à la cessation de la production qui ont connu un vif succès en France, et ont permis la redistribution de 1,6 million de tonnes de référence. Les producteurs en phase de croissance ont pu bénéficier de quantités de référence supplémentaires avec, pour la première campagne, un forfait minimum garanti. La faiblesse de la réserve nationale retenue n'a pas permis de lui faire jouer le rôle distributeur souhaité, cependant le caractère prioritaire des zones de montagne et des jeunes agriculteurs en phase d'installation a pu être pris en compte et justifier un traitement plus favorable. . Dans un premier temps, le transfert de producteurs entre laiteries et les regroupements d'acheteurs ont entraîné peu de migrations de références d'une région à l'autre, mais celles-ci découleront plus sûrement de la récupération puis de la redistribution des quotas inutilisés. Si aujourd'hui, on ne peut parler d'un marché des quotas c'est vraisemblablement en raison du flou entretenu jusqu'ici sur leur statut juridique et leur propriété. . Le choix du quota par laiterie permet une souplesse de gestion profitable aux producteurs. Cette formule a cependant l'inconvénient d'être plus difficilement compatible avec une participation effective des producteurs à la gestion locale des références et à un développement de l'échelon régional comme centre de proposition et relais de gestion.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Prost, 1986. "Modalités de gestion des quotas laitiers français Premier bilan et perspectives," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 172(1), pages 22-28.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1986_num_172_1_3746
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1986.3746
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1986.3746
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