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La politique des structures a-t-elle évolué depuis 1960 ?

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  • J. Astruc

Abstract

[fre] Avec l'adoption des lois d'orientation de 1960 et 1962 se met en place une véritable politique des structures, édifice cohérent d'interventions des pouvoirs publics pour modeler l'outil de production agricole. Certes des modifications sont intervenues depuis. Aux objectifs initiaux d'exode agricole et aélargissement des structures, se sont surajoutées des politiques de modernisation des exploitations, et des politiques d'installation. On ne peut pourtant parler d'étapes successives marquant des ruptures avec les précédentes orientations, car de nombreux signes montrent au contraire une permanence dans la poursuite des objectifs fixés en 1960 (loi d'orientation de 1980, renonciation au projet socialiste d'offices fonciers). La politique des structures ne tire pas sa permanence des textes qui l'ont fondée, et qui auraient pu guider d'autres évolutions. En revanche son application depuis 25 ans est marquée par la référence constante à un modèle préétabli de développement de l'agriculture, modèle qui a également induit la politique d'intensification. . Avant de s'interroger sur de nouveaux modes d'intensification, il faudrait savoir si l'état actuel des structures agricoles permet réellement une liberté de choix. [eng] Has the land policy changed since 1960 ? -With the 1960 and 1962 Agricultural Act a real land policy was born which enabled the state to reshape the production sector. Ever since alterations have occured. Policy of modernization of the farms and of the settling of young farmers have been added to the initial aims of increasing the farm size and decreasing the farm population. However, one cannot see various steps in contradiction with the previous orientations, as many signs show, on the contrary, a continuity in the search of the initial targets fixed in 1960 (1980 Agricultural Act, the socialist project of land boards beeing dropped). The land policy does not own its permanence from the laws it derived from, and could have inspired other evolutions. Its enforcement has been caracterized for 25 years by the constant reference to a model of development for agriculture, model which has induced the intensification policy. Before one asks oneself about new ways of intensification, one should know if in the present state farm structures really allow such possibilities.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Astruc, 1986. "La politique des structures a-t-elle évolué depuis 1960 ?," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 171(1), pages 27-31.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1986_num_171_1_3737
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1986.3737
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1986.3737
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