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L'intervention sur le marché agricole et le commerce international

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  • Ulrich Koester

Abstract

[eng] Summary : . . International trade in agricultural products is in most cases the consequence of domestic governmental interventions which are supposed to achieve production, price, and income objectives of individual countries. Trade in agricultural products is more affected by national policies than trade in industrial products. This is not only due to specific agricultural policy objectives ; it is also due to some specifics of agricultural markets. . There is no way to quantify the state of disarray of world agriculture or to assess the likely world welfare loss on sound empirical grounds. It is even not possible to assess whether individual countries would be better off with free trade than with the present pattern of protection in world agriculture. However, countries could be likely better off if they chose to intervene differently in agricultural markets. Hence, the present state of protectionism can hardly be justified on economic grounds. It seems to be the consequence of forces on the political market for protection- nism. The profession of trade economists could be likely of much more influence for trade policy decisions if, apart from research in normative trade policy, more research would be done in positive trade policy. [fre] Le commerce international des produits agricoles est, dans la plupart des cas, la conséquence des politiques intérieures des gouvernements qui sont supposées réaliser les objectifs de production, de prix, et de revenu de chaque pays. Le commerce des produits agricoles est plus touché par les politiques nationales que le commerce des produits industriels. Ceci n'est pas seulement dû aux objectifs spécifiques de la politique agricole, c'est également dû à certaines particularités des marchés agricoles. . Il n'y a aucun moyen d'estimer l'état actuel de désordre de l'agriculture mondiale ou d'évaluer la perte vraisemblable de bien-être mondial sur des bases empiriques saines. Il n'est même pas possible d'estimer si chaque pays se porterait mieux avec le libre-échange qu'avec le modèle actuel de protectionnisme dans l'agriculture mondiale. Toutefois, les pays se porteraient vraisemblablement mieux s'ils choisissaient d'intervenir différemment sur les marchés agricoles. D'où il s'ensuit que l'état actuel de protectionnisme peut difficilement être justifié sur des bases empiriques. Il semble être la conséquence des forces en présence sur le marché politique. La profession des économistes, spécialistes des échanges internationaux, aurait probablement une plus grande influence sur les décisions politiques concernant les échanges internationaux si, parallèlement aux recherches normatives, on entreprenait plus de recherches dans le domaine positif de la politique des échanges internationaux.

Suggested Citation

  • Ulrich Koester, 1985. "L'intervention sur le marché agricole et le commerce international," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 167(1), pages 45-56.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1985_num_167_1_3163
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1985.3163
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1985.3163
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