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La démarche économétrique : principes et difficultés illustrés à partir d'un exemple

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  • F. Bonnieux

Abstract

[fre] Cet article est basé sur un exemple réel emprunté à l'économie régionale. Il propose une présentation non théorique de l'économétrie. Il vise à donner un aperçu de la démarche aux lecteurs dont la formation mathématique est élémentaire. La mise en évidence des différentes questions abordées repose sur le modèle de la régression. . On insiste d'abord sur la construction du modèle et on discute l'ajustement par les moindres carrés. L'évaluation du modèle est traitée en détails : comparaison entre estimations et valeurs a priori, jugement sur les signes et les ordres de grandeur, influence des variables exogènes. Les conséquences de la colinéarité ainsi que les effets de différentes erreurs de spécification donnent lieu à une discussion. Une dernière partie est consacrée à l'analyse de la covariance et à la technique des variables indicatrices. [eng] This article is based on a real world example from regional economics. It is a mathematical presentation of the principles of econometric theory. Its objective is to acquaint readers with a simple mathematical training. Regression is used throughout the text to demonstrate the points made. . Model development is stressed early on. There is also a discussion of least squares fitting. Special emphasis is put on model evaluation : how well do the coefficient estimates conform to a priori expectations ? Are the signs and magnitude "Correct" ? Are the coefficients different from zero ? The consequence of multicollinearity and the effects of various specification errors are discussed in detail. A final section is devoted to covariance analysis and dummy variable technique.

Suggested Citation

  • F. Bonnieux, 1983. "La démarche économétrique : principes et difficultés illustrés à partir d'un exemple," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 157(1), pages 35-47.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1983_num_157_1_2996
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1983.2996
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1983.2996
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