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Evolution structurelle 1965-1975 de l'économie de plantation en Côte-d'Ivoire : croissance sans changements techniques ?

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  • P. de La Vaissiere

Abstract

[eng] The author analyses the results of a rapid growth of the Plantation economy on the Ivory Coast from 1 965 tc 1975 and the impact of technical changes. He notes a great variety in regional evolution but a general trenc towards a reduction of disparities. The productivity per worker stagnates and the crop yield seems to deteriorate Demographic factors (migrations) are important. This growth results in an increasing social and economic stratification of the peasants which stems from a dual competition : the «competition for land» and the «competition for labour». Three different systems are observed, selfsufficiency, growth based on family labour and growth based on permanently hired labour. The impact of technical change is small. There is a definitive contradiction between the aim of development services which is land intensification and the object of many planters to gain land which trends towards extensive farming. This situation is also confirmed by local statistics. [fre] L'auteur (1) analyse les résultats de la croissance très forte de l'Économie de Plantation en Côte-d'lvoire sur la période 1965-1975. Il cherche à évaluer l'impact des changements techniques. Il constate des évolutions régionales très différentes allant dans le sens d'un resserrement des écarts ; la productivité des actifs agricoles est stagnante et celle de la terre semble légèrement diminuer. Les facteurs démographiques (migrations) sont importants à prendre en compte dans cette évolution. Cette croissance se traduit par une forte stratification socio-économique des paysans planteurs qui s'explique par une double course : «course à la terre» et «course à la main-d'œuvre». En particulier, l'auteur distingue trois stratégies : autosubsistance, croissance par voie familiale, croissance par recrutement de main-d'œuvre salariée permanente. A contrario, l'impact des changements techniques a été faible : l'auteur relève une contradiction entre l'objectif d'intensification du facteur terre voulu par les services du développement et l'objectif de conquête foncière de nombreux planteurs, qui pousse à l'extensification. Celle-ci est d'ailleurs confirmée par les données statistiques régionales.

Suggested Citation

  • P. de La Vaissiere, 1982. "Evolution structurelle 1965-1975 de l'économie de plantation en Côte-d'Ivoire : croissance sans changements techniques ?," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 147(1), pages 102-110.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1982_num_147_1_2849
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1982.2849
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1982.2849
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