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L'introduction de cultures de rapport dans un village Senoufo du nord de la Côte-d'Ivoire

Author

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  • Xavier Le Roy

Abstract

[fre] Quel est l'impact de l'introduction de cultures de rapport (surtout le coton) dans l'agriculture vivrière sénoufo du nord de la Côte-d'lvoire ? Des travaux menés pendant 4 ans dans un village situé au sud de Boundiali tentent d'y répondre. . Le système de production se caractérise par la juxtaposition des cultures vivrières et de rapport. Traduite dans le terroir par des aires de production séparées, cette juxtaposition apparaît dans la combinaison productive. Le capital d'exploitation, qui émerge grâce aux cultures de rapport, ne bénéficie guère qu'à celle-ci. La conjonction de l'extension des surfaces, du faible accroissement de la production globale du travail et de l'absence d'ajustement des calendriers culturaux, entraîne une raréfaction du facteur travail, auparavant abondant. La terre demeure toutefois abondante dans cette zone, ceci expliquant l'échec de la tentative de stabilisation des cultures. . L'exploitation agricole, définie par la coïncidence entre unités de production et de consommation, est l'objet de deux formes d'évolution. Tout d'abord la diminution du contrôle de son chef sur les individus, surtout par la diminution de la taille de l'exploitation, provoquée par l'émigration et la segmentation, mais aussi par l'extension des parcelles individuelles. Ensuite la perpétuation, pour les revenus monétaires procurés par les cultures de rapport, du contrôle exercé auparavant par le chef d'exploitation sur l'ensemble des biens. [eng] What is the impact of the introduction of cash crops (mainly cotton) into a Senoufo subsistence economy on the Northern Ivory Coast ? A four-year study in one of the villages located in Southern Boundrali intended to answer this question. . The production system is characterized by a juxtaposition of subsistence crops and cash crops which is concretized by separate plots for each crop. The working capital which results from the cash cropping is almost exclusively devoted to this activity. The joint occurance of land extension, small overall growth of labour productivity and the absence of adequate working schemes for the crop year has caused a labour shortage which was unexisting before. However, land is plentiful in this area, which is why the attempt to stabilize crop land was a failure. . The farm enterprize which is defined as the coincidence of consuming and producing units follows two different trends. On one hand the influence of the chief on the individuals is reduced as the size of this enterprize decreases due to emigration and segmentation but also to the extention of individual plots. On the other hand, the head of the farm enterprize operates a stricter control on total assets through the monetary gains from cash crops.

Suggested Citation

  • Xavier Le Roy, 1982. "L'introduction de cultures de rapport dans un village Senoufo du nord de la Côte-d'Ivoire," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 147(1), pages 68-71.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1982_num_147_1_2841
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1982.2841
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1982.2841
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