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Choc pétrolier et crise agricole : notes sur la situation de l'agriculture dans deux pays exportateurs de pétrole sans excédents de capitaux (Mexiaue. Nieériaï

Author

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  • J. Egg
  • F. Lerin
  • L. Tubiana

Abstract

[eng] It is more and more difficult to think in a global perspective the evolution of third world agricultures. The international crisis seems to have accentuated the diversity of situations and the possibilities of responses. . Among the crisis important parameters, petroleum had counted for a decisive part and the market evolution of the product had engaged distinct sorts of processes in the different types of countries. . In the case of the oil exporting countries without capital excédents the past decade had shown that the management of the new financial ressources was difficult as soon as it is transformed in importation and investments capacities. . The examples of Mexico and Nigeria show that the destabilizatiqn effects are important and that the peasant economy didn't resist well to the growth of inflation rate and massive imports ; this sector is not able to respond to the demand's growth satisfied by imports. It seemed to be one of the victims of financial ressources variations due to petroleum market prices inestability. . Against these factors of inestability, political response is mainly the isolation of distinctive circuits of production and consumption in global economic context, in wich the function of agriculture is rapidly changing. [fre] II est devenu de plus en plus difficile de tenir un raisonnement global sur l'évolution des agricultures du Tiers-Monde ; la crise internationale semble avoir accentué la variété des situations et des systèmes de réponse possibles. . Parmi les paramètres importants de la crise, le pétrole joue un rôle décisif et les évolutions de son marché ont déclenché des processus très différents dans les divers groupes de pays. . En ce qui concerne les pays forts exportateurs de pétrole mais sans excédents de capitaux, la décennie écoulée a montré que pour le secteur paysan, les effets déstabilisateurs semblent devoir l'emporter. L'économie paysanne résiste mal à l'accroissement de l'inflation et des importations ; elle ne répond guère à l'augmentation de la demande (comblée par des achats extérieurs massifs de biens alimentaires) et semble être une des principales victimes des fortes variations de revenu liées à l'instabilité du marché pétrolier. . A ces facteurs d'instabilité répondent des politiques de cloisonnement des circuits de production et de consommation dans un système économique en mutation où l'agriculture change rapidement de fonction.

Suggested Citation

  • J. Egg & F. Lerin & L. Tubiana, 1982. "Choc pétrolier et crise agricole : notes sur la situation de l'agriculture dans deux pays exportateurs de pétrole sans excédents de capitaux (Mexiaue. Nieériaï," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 147(1), pages 27-31.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1982_num_147_1_2831
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1982.2831
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1982.2831
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    Cited by:

    1. Michel Griffon, 2000. "Les pays en développement et l'économie internationale dans la revue Economie rurale de 1949 à 1999," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 255(1), pages 169-184.

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