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L'enseignement de l'économie marxiste aux économistes ruraux dans les pays non marxistes

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  • Michel Petit

Abstract

[eng] Teaching marxist economics is justified, according to the author who belongs to the neo-classical tradition, because marxism is at least a very good pedagogical means to make students conscious of the fundamental hypotheses, and hence of the limitations, of neoclassical economics. In a first part, marxism is presented as a general theory of economic and social development. This permits one to attract the students' attention on the relationships between production and distribution, on the social and political consequences of distribution phenomena, and on the difference between analytical and dialectical logic. The second part is devoted to some marxist authors' contributions to the analysis family farms in French agriculture, and the need for a global world perspective for understanding the problems of development and rural poverty. The paper ends on a plea for a complentarity, at least of pedagogical nature, between the marxist and the neoclassical traditions. This complementarity, it is true, can only the meaningful if one is convinced that ideological pluralism is absolutely necessary to the progress of scientific knowledge. [fre] L'enseignement de l'économie marxiste se justifie aux yeux de l'auteur, qui appartient à la tradition néo-classique, parce que le marxisme est au moins un très bon moyen pédagogique de prendre conscience des hypothèses fondamentales, et donc des limites, de l'économie néo-classique. Dans une première partie, le marxisme est présenté comme une théorie générale du développement économique et social, ce qui permet d'attirer l'attention des étudiants sur les rapports entre production et répartition, sur les conséquences sociales et politiques des phénomènes de répartition et sur la différence entre logique analytique et logique dialectique. La deuxième partie est consacrée à l'examen des contributions d'auteurs marxistes à l'analyse des deux problèmes contemporains, importants en économie rurale : la survie des exploitations familiales dans l'agriculture française et la nécessité d'une perspective mondiale pour comprendre les problèmes de développement et de pauvreté rurale. L'article se termine par un plaidoyer pour une complémentarité, au moins pédagogique, des deux traditions marxiste et néo-classique, complémentarité qui, il est vrai, n'a de signification que si l'on est convaincu de la nécessité impérieuse pour les progrès de la connaissance scientifique de respecter un pluralisme idéologique.

Suggested Citation

  • Michel Petit, 1980. "L'enseignement de l'économie marxiste aux économistes ruraux dans les pays non marxistes," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 140(1), pages 30-37.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1980_num_140_1_2745
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1980.2745
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1980.2745
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    Cited by:

    1. Pierre Bartoli, 1984. "Sur le fonctionnement de la référence marxiste," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 160(1), pages 15-21.

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