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L'étude des firmes multinationales dans l'économie alimentaire européenne

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  • Adolf Weber

Abstract

[fre] L'apparition et le rôle des firmes multinationales dans les activités liées à l'agriculture doit faire l'objet d'analyses utilisant diverses approches : statistiques internationales, études nationales de concentration et de concurrence, monographies de firmes. . Une corrélation statistique entre la dimension des marchés nationaux, mesurée en milliards de dollars de PNB 1924 et le nombre de firmes multinationales (définies par l'existence d'implantations dans au moins deux pays différents) qui ont leur origine dans le pays correspondant est mise en évidence par l'auteur. Un milliard de dollars de PNB est nécessaire pour qu'un pays soit le siège de six multinationales toutes industries réunies, et le chiffre est dix fois plus élevé pour les IAA, la chimie, la mécanique, considérées isolément. Mais d'autres facteurs que le PNB interviennent ; en particulier le revenu par tête. . Après avoir commenté brièvement les autres approches, l'auteur déplore en conclusion, l'insuffisance des efforts consacrés à ce domaine, et particulièrement pour les industries d'amont de l'agriculture. [eng] The appearance and the role of multinational firms in the agribusiness sector need analyses using several approaches : International Statistics, national studies of concentration and competition, case studies of firms. . The author finds a statistical correlation between the size of the international market of a country (measured in 1924 billion dollars PNB) and the number of multinational firms (defined as the existing settlements in at least two different countries) which originate in that country. One billion dollars is necessary for a country to hold head quarters of six multinationals (all industries agregated) and the number is ten times larger for agribusiness, chemistry and mechanics industries taken one at a time. But other factors than PNB seem to play a role, in particular income per head. . After commenting briefly the other approaches, the author regrets in the conclusion the lack of efforts committed to that domain and particularly for agricultural input industries.

Suggested Citation

  • Adolf Weber, 1980. "L'étude des firmes multinationales dans l'économie alimentaire européenne," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 137(1), pages 36-45.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1980_num_137_1_2705
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1980.2705
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1980.2705
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