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Une typologie de l'alimentation dans le monde

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  • Joseph Klatzmann

Abstract

[eng] In spite of the uncertainty about consumption and food requirements and the limited significance of national averages, use can be made of the latest FAO statistics to attempt to bring up to date the world food typology. . A first classification can be established taking into account only calories and animal proteins (instead of total proteins). If one takes lipids into account leads to this classification being slightly modified. . Three main groups are each made up of approximately one billion people — countries that are over-nourished, China and some other countries (almost adequate energy consumption but a very small quantity of animal proteins), seriously under nourished countries (well over a billion persons). The other two big groups are Japan (adequately nourished) and that including Brazil (adequate energy supply but animal protein deficiencies). Many individual cases lie outside this classification. . This typology, based on national averages, must not lead to the great disparities in individual consumption being forgotten. Few countries are below 1900 calories per person per day, but it is probable that hundreds of millions of people are around 1500 calories or less. [fre] Malgré îles incertitudes sur îles consommations et les besoins alimentaires et la signification limitée des moyennes nationales, on peut utiliser les dernières statistiques publiées par la FAO pour tenter de mettre à jour la typologie de l'alimentation mondiale. . Une première classification peut être établie en tenant compte uniquement des calories et des protéines animales (plutôt que des protéines totales). La prise en considération des lipides conduit à introduire quelques nuances dans cette classification. . Trois grands groupes rassemblent chacun un milliard d'hommes environ : les pays à alimentation excessive, la Chine et quelques autres pays {consommation énergétique presque satisfaisante, mais très faible quantité de protéines animales), îles pays à sous-alimentation grave (nettement plus d'un milliard d'hommes). Les deux autres grands groupes sont celui du Japon (alimentation satisfaisante) et celui qui comprend le Brésil {ration énergétique suffisante, mais déficiences en protéines lanimales). De nombreux cas particuliers restent en dehors de cette classification. . Cette typologie fondée sur des moyennes nationales ne doit pas faire oublier l'extrême dispersion des consommations individuelles. Peu de pays sont nettement au dessous de 1.900 calories par personne et par jour, mais il est probable que des centaines de millions d'hommes sont au voisinage de 1.500 calories ou même au dessous.

Suggested Citation

  • Joseph Klatzmann, 1979. "Une typologie de l'alimentation dans le monde," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 129(1), pages 3-10.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1979_num_129_1_2610
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1979.2610
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1979.2610
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