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Crise de l'énergie, ressources naturelles et production alimentaire

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  • F. Ramade

Abstract

[fre] Les effets conjugués de la croissance démographique et de la compétition des usages non agricoles des sols avec l'agriculture ne laissent comme seule solution, qu'une intensification incessante de la production afin de répondre aux besoins alimentaires croissants de l'humanité. . L'analyse écoénergétique de l'agriculture industrielle montre que les augmentations de productivité ont été jusqu'alors obtenues en injectant une quantité croissante d'énergie provenant des combustibles fissiles dans les agroécosystèmes. En conséquence, le rendement énergétique des cultures (Kcal d'aliments produits par Kcal d'énergie consommées pour la production) décroît sans cesse. Par ailleurs, les disponibilités mondiales d'engrais phosphatés sont limitées et les hydrocarbures fossiles se raréfient. L'augmentation incessante du prix de l'énergie et des engrais minéraux utilisés en agriculture rendent problématiques dans l'avenir le maintien des structures actuelles de production alimentaire et rendent problématiques la production de nourriture pour une humanité qui atteindrait dix milliards d'hommes. [eng] The energy crisis, national resources and food production - The only solution to the joint effects of population growth and of the competition between non-agricultural uses of land and farming is an increasing intensification of production in order to satisfy mankind's increasing food needs. . The eco-energy analysis of industrial farming shows that increased productivity so far has been achieved by injecting an ever greater quantity of energy from fissile fuel into agroecosystems. Consequently the energy productivity of crops (kcal of foodstuffs produced per kcal of energy used in its production) is decreasing. Moreover, world supplies of phosphate fertilizers are limited and fossilized hydrocarbon is becoming rarer. The constant increase in the cost of energy and of mineral fertilizers used in farming make it unlikely that the present food production structures will be maintained in the future or that food can be produced for a world population of ten billions.

Suggested Citation

  • F. Ramade, 1978. "Crise de l'énergie, ressources naturelles et production alimentaire," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 124(1), pages 30-38.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1978_num_124_1_2553
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1978.2553
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1978.2553
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