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A propos des relations écologie et société

Author

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  • V. Labeyrie
  • M. Jarry

Abstract

[fre] L'écologie et l'économie, mis à part leur racine commune, semblent fondamentalement s'opposer. La crise écologique est souvent présentée comme une conséquence inéluctable de tous progrès technologiques. Ce refus du développement des forces productives permet de diminuer l'intensité des luttes sociales, de faire admettre l'austérité comme inévitable et de rendre la science et les scientifiques responsables dé cet état de fait. Le développement de modèles mathématiques, dont les prédictions sont catastrophiques, donne en plus des gages d'objectivité. Or, tout modèle est bâti sur des hypothèses et ces hypothèses sont imprégnées par l'idéologie des individus ou groupes qui les construisent. L'examen précis de deux concepts fondamentaux utilisés dans ces modèles, ressources naturelles et consommation, montre que la clarté n'est pas faite sur ces concepts et que leur utilisation est fortement conditionnée par l'idéologie dominante. . L'examen de l'utilisation des ressources naturelles montre que les stratégies dominantes actuelles conduisent à un gaspillage des possibilités, à l'accumulation des déchets qui apparaissent comme des ressources sacrifiées, à la restriction des choix technologiques possibles. Tout ceci en opposition avec l'élargissement des connaissances et des possibilités technologiques qui permettent au contraire d'ajuster toujours mieux les solutions aux possibilités hétérogènes de la nature. . La maîtrise des forces productives serait insuffisante si elle ne s'accompagnait pas d'une révision des stratégies d'intervention héritées d'une ère préécologique. C'est en ce sens que l'écologie acquiert sa véritable dimension dans le domaine économique. [eng] Ecology and society - Ecology and economics, apart from their common root, seem to be fundamentally opposed. The ecological crisis is often presented as an inevitable consequence of all technological process. This rejection of the development of productive forces enables the fierceness of social struggles to be underestimated, the idea of austerity to be considered as unavoidable and science and scientists to be held responsible for this state of affairs. The development of mathematical models whose forecasts are catastrophic, guarantees objectivity. But all models are built on hypotheses that are coloured by the ideology of the individuals or groups that build them. The close analysis of two fundamental concepts used in these models — natural resources and consumption — shows that these concepts are not clear and that their use is strongly conditioned by the dominant ideology. . The consideration of the use of natural resources shows that the present dominant strategies lead to possibilities being wasted, to waste products, — apparently resources that have been thrown away, — being accumulated, and to possible technological choices being limited. All this goes against the widening of knowledge and of technological possibilities which enable solutions to be increasingly suited to the heterogenous possibilities of nature. . The control of productive forces would not be enough if it were not accompanied by a revision of intervention strategies inherited from a pre -ecological era. It is in this sense that ecology acquires its true dimension in the economic field.

Suggested Citation

  • V. Labeyrie & M. Jarry, 1978. "A propos des relations écologie et société," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 124(1), pages 3-9.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1978_num_124_1_2549
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1978.2549
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1978.2549
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    Cited by:

    1. Sophie Boutillier & Patrick Matagne, 2012. "Economic Theories, Environmental Issues and History of Thought," Chapters, in: Blandine Laperche & Nadine Levratto & Dimitri Uzunidis (ed.), Crisis, Innovation and Sustainable Development, chapter 6, Edward Elgar Publishing.
    2. Sophie BOUTILLIER & Patrick MATAGNE, 2014. "Une histoire asyncrone de l’économie et de l’écologie, et de leurs « passeurs » [An Asynchronous History Of The Economics And Ecology And To Their « Boatmen »]," Working Papers 37, Réseau de Recherche sur l’Innovation. / Research Network on Innovation.

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