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Expérimentation d'une méthode de travail des conseillers auprès des agriculteurs d'un quartier ou d'une commune

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  • P. Boisseau

Abstract

[eng] An experimental method used by advisors among the farmers of one small district or commune -The setting-up of intense social contacts between the farmers concerned is the necessary preliminary to an attempt at modernisation encouraged by agricultural organisations and technicians. A specialist cannot give the necessary impetus to a project within a group if the project has not emerged from a living local exchange of aspirations and observations. But economic growth breaks up the traditional means of direct social communication. . The vast majority of farmers therefore need a « personalised agent » to establish contacts, an agricultural advisor who prepares the ground for the intervention of specialists from official bodies of all kinds, by encouraging requests for meetings. . The method of « pre-extension-work » proposed here is based on the interaction of two means of expression. One is individual : interviews. The other is collective : the meeting of a local group. . The experiments carried out with this method in Lorraine and Berri have brought to light the main stumbling-block to each of the technical stages of this restructuring of society : the technicians' fears lest they do not immediately arrive at a list of advice or at a programme of action. . But these exchanges are stimulated all the more when the principal aim is not to encourage new projects but simply to help the farmers to learn to be able to control changes that they must inevitably face. [fre] L'instauration d'échanges sociaux intenses entre les agriculteurs concernés est le préalable nécessaire d'un effort de modernisation suscité par des organisations agricoles et des techniciens. Un spécialiste ne peut pas « motiver » un groupe autour d'un projet si celui-ci n'a pas émergé d'une confrontation locale vivante d'aspirations et de constats. Or, la croissance économique rompt les circuits traditionnels de communication sociale directe. . La masse des agriculteurs a donc besoin d'un « agent de mise en relation personnalisée », conseiller agricole qui prépare l'intervention des spécialistes des organismes de toute nature par la suscitation d'une demande. La méthode de « prévulgarisation » proposée ici est fondée sur l'articulation de deux techniques d'expression. L'une est individuelle : l'entretien. L'autre est collective : la réunion de groupe restreint de voisinage. . L'expérimentation de cette méthode en Lorraine et dans le Berri a révélé le frein essentiel auquel se heurte chacune des deux phases techniques de cette restructuration sociale : la peur des techniciens de ne pas aboutir immédiatement à une liste de conseils ou à un programme d'actions. . Or, les échanges sont d'autant mieux stimulés que le but directement recherché n'est pas de susciter des projets nouveaux, mais simplement d'aider systématiquement les paysans à se former pour maîtriser des éléments de changements qui s'imposent à eux inéluctablement.

Suggested Citation

  • P. Boisseau, 1974. "Expérimentation d'une méthode de travail des conseillers auprès des agriculteurs d'un quartier ou d'une commune," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 99(1), pages 115-126.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1974_num_99_1_2282
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1974.2282
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1974.2282
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