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L'agriculture face à la croissance métropolitaine : le cas des exploitations fruitières de Groslay et Deuil-Ia-Barre dans la grande banlieue nord de Paris

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  • C.-R. Bryant

Abstract

[fre] Cette étude traite de l'effet du développement urbain sur certains aspects particuliers de la structure agricole. Du point de vue agricole, les communes de Deuil-la-Barre et de Groslay présentent une production fruitière intensive ; elles ont, en même temps, connu une urbanisation progressive depuis plusieurs décennies. Depuis les années 50, ce phénomène de développement urbain a augmenté considérablement dans la région et ses environs. . Les .caractéristiques marquantes de la région et de son histoire sont brièvement esquissées. Puis, à partir des informations fournies en majeure partie par une enquête menée auprès des exploitants en 1967/68, les principaux changements de structure agricole dans la période d'après-guerre sont identifiés, et réliés aux forces d'urbanisation de cette période. L'accent est mis sur les changements de taille d'exploitation et les changements de localisation des nouveaux vergers. Des hypothèses sont élaborées qui relient le facteur du développement urbain à la rentabilité de l'investissement agricole, et, par là, à la 'localisation des nouveaux vergers. Ces hypothèses sont mises à l'épreuve, et soutenues en général par une analyse détaillée qui utilise des techniques statistiques conçues pour l'analyse des répartitions géographiques. Pour terminer, quelques commentaires portent sur les implications de cette analyse dans l'aménagement de l'espace rural en région métropolitaine. [eng] Rural space in metropolitan regions : two intensive fruitgrowing communes near Paris . The topic of this study is concerned with the effe.ct of urban development upon selected aspects of farm structure. Agriculturally, Deuil la Barre and Groslay are intensive fruitgrowing communes, but at the same time, have been undergoing piecemeal urban development for several decades, a phenomenon which has increased in the area and its environs since the mid 50's. . Firstly, a brief description of the pertinent characteristics of the region and its history is given. Then, largely from information gleaned from a questionnaire survey in 1967/68, the major changes in agricultural structure in the post-war period are identified and discussed in the light of the forces of urbanisation present in this period. The accent is placed on changes in farm size and changes in the locational structure of new orchard land. Hypotheses are developed which link the urban development factor to the profitability of agricultural investment, and thereby to the locational structure of new orchards. The hypotheses are tested, and generally supported, by detaVed analysis using standard statistical techniques appropriate to two-dimensional distributions. Finally some comments are made on the redevance of the findings of this analysis to the planning of rural space in metropolitan regions.

Suggested Citation

  • C.-R. Bryant, 1973. "L'agriculture face à la croissance métropolitaine : le cas des exploitations fruitières de Groslay et Deuil-Ia-Barre dans la grande banlieue nord de Paris," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 98(1), pages 35-55.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1973_num_98_1_2234
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1973.2234
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1973.2234
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