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L'enseignement de l'économie correspond-il aux besoins de l'agriculture au niveau de l'enseignement technique agricole ?

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  • M. Petit

Abstract

[fre] L'enseignement technique agricole vise de plus en plus à former de futurs agriculteurs. Il est encore fortement influencé par le souci de former les enfants des agriculteurs. Compte tenu des conceptions pédagogiques dominantes qui mettent l'accent sur l'acquisition des connaissances, ces deux objectifs sont contradictoires car ils conduisent à une surcharge des programmes. Une nouvelle conception pédagogique mettant l'accent sur l'autonomie intellectuelle, c'est-à-dire la capacité d'analyser une situation, pourrait permettre de dépasser la contradiction ci-dessus et changer la nature du dilemme entre formation technique et formation générale. Avec cette conception, l'esprit de la formation économique est plus important que le contenu. . Le marché de l'emploi donne une première indication de l'adéquation de l'enseignement aux besoins. Les diplômés du cycle court ne trouvent que des emplois pas ou peu qualifiés hors de l'agriculture. En revanche, les diplômés du cycle long et les techniciens supérieurs semblent assez facilement devoir trouver un emploi, leur formation correspond donc à un besoin. Pourtant l'examen des programmes et des sujets montre, malgré des progrès nets, que l'accent principal dans la formation écnomique reste mis sur l'acquisition mémorielle de connaissances et non sur la capacité d'analyser des situations concrètes. [eng] Technical agricultural education - Technical agricultural education aims more and more to form future farmers. It is strongly influenced by the desire to form farmers' children. With the presently dominant education conceptions which stress the acquisition of knowledge in the student's memory, these two objectives are in contradiction because they lead to a surcharge of the teaching programs. A new conception stressing intellectual autonomy, i.e. the ability to analyze a situation could permit one to resolve this contradiction and to change the nature of the dilemna general formation versus technical formation. With such a conception, it is the spirit rather than the content of economic teaching which matters. . The employment market gives a first idea of the adequation of teaching to the needs of the society. The « short cycle » graduates (15-16 years old) find little more than unskilled jobs outside of agriculture. By contrast « long cycle » graduates (18-19 years old) and « superior technicians » (20-22 years old) will probably continue to find employment. Their formation fulfill a need. Yet a study of the teaching programs and of te examinations subjects in agricultural economics indicates that, in spite of recent changes, the main emphasis is still placed on the acquisition of knowledge and not on the ability to analyze concrete situations.

Suggested Citation

  • M. Petit, 1973. "L'enseignement de l'économie correspond-il aux besoins de l'agriculture au niveau de l'enseignement technique agricole ?," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 96(1), pages 105-114.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1973_num_96_1_2222
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1973.2222
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1973.2222
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