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Caractéristique socio-économique des paysans-ouvriers et des ménages de paysans-ouvriers en Tchécoslovaquie

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  • Kveta Cihakova

Abstract

[eng] Families of part-time farmers do not represent more than 4,4 % of the total population. In the opinion of people living in towns ass well as in that of those living in the coutry this kind of double activity is condamned. These criticisms are not true to-day, in that part-time farmers working both a the factory and on their own plot are not concerned, but only families of which some members are at the same time farm-and industrial-workers : they have become workers members of a cooperative. The head of the family does not work at the cooperative ; his wife or his children work there only a tew days a year. . In spite of this evolution, the cultural standard of these families does not rise as quickly as that of the other workers, because they do not enjoy as much free time. On the other hand their stantard of living is hioher : beig provided with food and lodging they car invest the rest of their income in their ower farms, in the improvement of the house or ofits equipment ; or in helping their children financially. In short : a paradox ! [fre] Les ménages de paysans-ouvriers ne représentent plus que 4,4 % de la population totale. L'opinion des citadins aussi bien que celle des ruraux condamne habituellement la double activité. Ces reproches ne sont plus valables aujourd'hui, dans la mesure où il ne s'agit plus de paysans-ouvriers, travaillant à la fois à l'usine et sur leur lopin individuel, mais simplement de « ménages » paysans-ouvriers : ils sont devenus des coopérateurs-ouvriers, le chef de famille ne travaille pas à la coopérative agricole, sa femme ou ses enfants lui accordent quelques jours par an. . Malgré cette évolution, le niveau culturel de ces ménages progresse moins vite que celui des ouvriers, car ils disposent de moins de temps libre. Par contre, leur niveau de vie est plus élevé : logement et nourriture assurés leur permettent de consacrer l'excédent de leurs ressources aux investissements sur l'exploitation individuelle, à l'amélioration de la maison et de l'équipement ménager, et d'aider financièrement leurs enfants. Bref, une situation paradoxale !

Suggested Citation

  • Kveta Cihakova, 1969. "Caractéristique socio-économique des paysans-ouvriers et des ménages de paysans-ouvriers en Tchécoslovaquie," Économie rurale, Programme National Persée, vol. 81(1), pages 17-29.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recoru:ecoru_0013-0559_1969_num_81_1_2059
    DOI: 10.3406/ecoru.1969.2059
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecoru.1969.2059
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