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Le renminbi est-il une arme dans la « guerre des devises » asiatiques ? Une analyse comparative de la structure des exportations chinoises

Author

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  • Luca Silipo

Abstract

[fre] La politique de change chinoise a été analysée surtout vis-à-vis de la compétitivité des produits chinois par rapport aux pays développés. Cet article complète le cadre de ces études en intervenant sur la question du positionnement des exportations chinoises par rapport aux concurrents asiatiques. Si la structure des exportations chinoises ressemble de plus en plus à celle des autres exportateurs asiatiques – et particulièrement à celles du Japon et de la Corée –, la gestion de la parité de la devise chinoise par rapport aux devises de ces pays peut créer un avantage concurrentiel en faveur des produits chinois. Malgré une similitude croissante à l’échelle industrielle, l’analyse produit par produit révèle une similitude décroissante entre la structure des exportations chinoises et celles des autres pays asiatiques. C’est un résultat surprenant surtout vis-à-vis de la Corée et du Japon, pays à exportations avancées qui semblaient être menacées par la «montée en gamme » de la production chinoise. La politique de change du renminbi ne semble donc pas en mesure d’altérer les équilibres compétitifs avec les autres pays d’Asie. . Classification JEL : F13, F14, F31, F41, P34. [eng] The Renminbi as a Weapon in an Asian ‘currency war’ ? A Comparative Analysis of Chinese Export Structure.. Much has been said and written on the consequences of the Chinese exchange rate policy for final importers of Chinese goods, such as the US and Europe. In this paper, wetackle a different question : whether managing Chinese Renminbi is an effective trade policy tool to gain a competitive advantage with respect to other Asian exporters. If Chinese export structure resembles more and more to those of other Asian exporters managing theCNYexchange rate against their currencies can create competitive advantage to Chinese goods. Notwithstanding similarity between Chinese and other Asian countries export structure is growing at the industry level, more refined, product-by-product data fail to show the same trend, implying a fall in similarities. This is a surprising result, especially concerning Korea and Japan : the more technologically advanced exports of these two countries might feel more and more the competition of Chinese producers “ going up the ladder”. As such, the renminbi exchange policy does not seem to alter significantly the trade competition among Chinese countries. . Classification JEL : F13, F14, F31, F41, P34.

Suggested Citation

  • Luca Silipo, 2011. "Le renminbi est-il une arme dans la « guerre des devises » asiatiques ? Une analyse comparative de la structure des exportations chinoises," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 102(2), pages 243-259.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_2011_num_102_2_5860
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    JEL classification:

    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics
    • P34 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions - - - Finance
    • F13 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Trade Policy; International Trade Organizations
    • F14 - International Economics - - Trade - - - Empirical Studies of Trade
    • F31 - International Economics - - International Finance - - - Foreign Exchange
    • F41 - International Economics - - Macroeconomic Aspects of International Trade and Finance - - - Open Economy Macroeconomics
    • P34 - Political Economy and Comparative Economic Systems - - Socialist Institutions and Their Transitions - - - Finance

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