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La compensation des produits financiers dérivés est-elle la panacée ?

Author

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  • Michel Castel

Abstract

[fre] Après la faillite de Lehman Brothers et le renflouement de AIG, les autorités bancaires et financières, les gouvernements et même de nombreux opérateurs ont conclu que les 600 000 milliards de dollars de contrats de gré à gré portant sur des produits dérivés devront être pour l’essentiel compensés par des chambres de compensation. C’est ce que le G20 a recommandé à Pittsburgh, le 25 Septembre 2009, avec la fin 2012 comme date butoir. C’est un grand pas dans la bonne direction pour renforcer la sécurité des marchés financiers. Cependant une telle concentration de risques si énormes sur les chambres de compensation peut produire un risque à dimension systémique. Tout d’abord, les chambres de compensation sont nombreuses et seront soumises à une forte concurrence, dans un « modèle à prix coûtant ». Ensuite, elles n’ont pas d’actionnaires désireux - ou en mesure - de les aider en cas de crise majeure. Si nous voulons éviter d’avoir un jour à procéder au sauvetage sur fonds publics d’une ou de plusieurs d’entre elles - sauvetage(s) qui serai(en) t particulièrement inconfortable(s) dans l’UE ou dans la zone euro -, nous devons exiger une solidarité entre elles soit par la mise en place d’un dispositif de réassurance obligatoire, soit par la création d’un fonds mutuel de garantie obligatoire. . Classification JEL : D53, E44, G01, G15, G18, G23. [eng] Derivatives Clearing, a Panacea ? . After the bankruptcy of Lehman Brothers and the bailout of AIG, banking and financial authorities, governments and even many operators have found that the 600 trillion worth of contracts by agreement (OTC) on derivatives will be essentially cleared by clearing houses. This is what the G20 recommended in Pittsburgh, September 25, 2009, with the end of 2012 as deadline. It is a big step in the right direction to strengthen the security of financial markets. But such a concentration of such enormous risks to clearing houses may create risks of a systemic nature. First of all, clearing houses are numerous and are subject to strong competition in a « cost model ». Then, they have no shareholders willing - or able - to help them in major crises. If we want to avoid having one day to rescue by public funds one or more of them - rescue(s) particularly uncomfortable(s) in the EU or the euro area -, we must demand a solidarity between themselves, by setting up a system of compulsory reinsurance or by requiring a mutual guarantee fund. . Classification JEL : D53, E44, G01, G15, G18, G23.

Suggested Citation

  • Michel Castel, 2010. "La compensation des produits financiers dérivés est-elle la panacée ?," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 97(2), pages 65-70.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_2010_num_97_2_5392
    DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.2010.5392
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecofi.2010.5392
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    More about this item

    JEL classification:

    • D53 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Financial Markets
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors
    • G20 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - General
    • D53 - Microeconomics - - General Equilibrium and Disequilibrium - - - Financial Markets
    • E44 - Macroeconomics and Monetary Economics - - Money and Interest Rates - - - Financial Markets and the Macroeconomy
    • G01 - Financial Economics - - General - - - Financial Crises
    • G15 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - International Financial Markets
    • G18 - Financial Economics - - General Financial Markets - - - Government Policy and Regulation
    • G23 - Financial Economics - - Financial Institutions and Services - - - Non-bank Financial Institutions; Financial Instruments; Institutional Investors

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