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Financement et tarification des infrastructures ferroviaires. Premiers effets de la réforme ferroviaire de 1997

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  • Claude Martinand

Abstract

[eng] Financing and pricing of railroad infrastructures : first results of the 1997 railroad reform. This contribution takes as its starting point an analysis of the main characteristics of the financing of railroad infrastructures and of the situation in the early 1990’s and aims at highlighting the first results, whether already noted or foreseeable, of the 1997 reform. This reform proceeded to carry out an institutional separation between SNCF, a railroad company, now refocused on its function as a carrier, and a new statedowned firm, Réseau ferré de France, which is the owner of the railroad infrastructure and is in charge of planning, developing and exploiting the national rail network. The fact that an infrastructure toll or royalty has been instituted brings out more visibly the close connection which exists between the financing and the pricing of infrastructures. The reform should result in an in-depth change in the processes of choice and in the modes of financing of railroad infrastructures. All of the consequences of the reform have not yet been drawn, but a description of the terms on which the program of high-speed links will be pursued, at a measured pace, and the railroad portions of the future contracts between the state and the regions are to be developed may be presented here and now as an illustration. [fre] Cet article part d’une analyse des caractéristiques principales du financement des infrastructures ferroviaires et de la situation au début des années 1990, et vise à mettre en évidence les premiers effets constatés ou prévisibles de la réforme de 1997. Cette réforme a procédé à une séparation institutionnelle entre la SNCF, entreprise ferroviaire, recentrée sur sa fonction de transporteur, et un nouvel établissement public, Réseau Ferré de France, propriétaire de l’infrastructure ferroviaire et chargé de l’aménagement, du développement et de la mise en valeur du réseau ferré national. L’institution d’un péage ou redevance d’infrastructures rend plus visible le lien étroit entre le financement et la tarification des infrastructures. La réforme doit modifier en profondeur les processus de choix et les modalités de financement des infrastructures ferroviaires. Toutes les conséquences de la réforme n’ont pas encore été tirées, mais dès à présent, une description des modalités de poursuite, à un rythme mesuré, du programme de liaisons à grande vitesse et d’élaboration des volets ferroviaires des futurs contrats État-Régions peut être présentée à titre d’illustration.

Suggested Citation

  • Claude Martinand, 1999. "Financement et tarification des infrastructures ferroviaires. Premiers effets de la réforme ferroviaire de 1997," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 51(1), pages 183-194.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_1999_num_51_1_3377
    DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.1999.3377
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecofi.1999.3377
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