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Politique budgétaire et union monétaire : existe-t-il un arbitrage entre fédéralisme et restrictions budgétaires ?

Author

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  • Jürgen Von Hagen
  • Barry Eichengreen

Abstract

[eng] Policy Mix and monetary union : is there a tradeoff between federalism and budgetary restrictions. The Maastricht Treaty on Europe Union features an Excessive Deficit Procedure limiting the freedom to borrow of government participating in the European monetary union. One justification is to prevent states from over-borrowing and demanding a bailout which could divert the European Central Bank from its pursuit of price stability. We challenge this rationale. Using data from a cross section of federal states, we show that there is no association between monetary union and restraints on borrowing by sub-central government. There is however an association between fiscal restraints and the share of the tax base under the control of sub-national authorities. . The implications for the EU are direct. That EU member states control their own taxes should strengthen the hand of authorities seeking to resist pressure from a bailout. In the longer run, however, borrowing restrains may weaken the financial position of Brussels, transferring bailout risk from the member states to the EU itself. [fre] Le Traité de Maastricht sur l'Union Européenne comporte une Procédure des Déficits Excessifs limitant la liberté d'emprunter des gouvernements dans l'union monétaire européenne. Cette procédure a pour justification d'empêcher les États de sur-emprunter et de demander un renflouement qui pourrait détourner la Banque Centrale Européenne de sa mission de maintien de la stabilité des prix. Nous remettons en cause ce raisonnement. Utilisant des données relatives à plusieurs États fédéraux, nous montrons qu'il n'existe pas de lien entre union monétaire et restrictions d'emprunt par les gouvernements locaux. Il existe, cependant, un lien entre les restrictions budgétaires et la part de l'assiette fiscale sous le contrôle des autorités locales.. Les implications pour l'Union Européenne sont directes. Le fait que les États membres de l'Union Européenne contrôlent leurs propres impôts devrait renforcer le pouvoir des autorités cherchant à résister aux pressions en faveur d'un renflouement. Cependant, à plus long terme, les restrictions d'emprunt pourraient affaiblir la position financière de Bruxelles, transférant le risque de renflouement des États membres vers l'Union Européenne elle-même.

Suggested Citation

  • Jürgen Von Hagen & Barry Eichengreen, 1998. "Politique budgétaire et union monétaire : existe-t-il un arbitrage entre fédéralisme et restrictions budgétaires ?," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 47(3), pages 141-152.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_1998_num_47_3_2673
    DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.1998.2673
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecofi.1998.2673
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