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La Bourse de Paris et les compagnies financières entre marché primaire et marché à terme au XVIIIe siècle (1695-1794)

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  • Jean-Marie Thiveaud

Abstract

[eng] Paris Stock Exchange and financial companies. Between primary market and forward market at the XVIIIth century . The XVIIIth century was characterised by an important development of the financial activity. We present in a first part the financial crisis and the turbulence that affected the French financial market between 1695 and 1715, due to the huge expansion of heterogeneous papers. The Law System proposed to reduce the problems relating to the important debt created by Louis XIV is then analysed. After the failure of the Law System, the question concerning the creation of a financial market, framed by the public authority and advantageous to the economy was posed. This questioning conduced to the creation of the Paris Stock Exchange in 1724. From 1780 to 1789, the development of financial activities, the implication of the financials and politicians in the public life proposed some analogies with nowadays in the sense that they represent what we call now the primary market. [fre] Le XVIIIe siècle se caractérise par un important essor de l'activité financière. On retrace dans un premier temps les crises financières et les turbulences du marché financier français entre 1695 et 1715 dues à une gigantesque dilatation de papiers de nature hétéroclite. Le Système Law mis en place afin d'offrir une réponse à la dette accablante de 2 milliards laissée par Louis XIV est ensuite analysé. Après l'échec du Système Law, se pose alors la question de l'organisation d'un marché financier qui doit être encadré par l'autorité publique et profiter à l'économie de la nation. Cette question trouve un début de réponse dans la création de la Bourse de Paris en 1724 cependant très vite mise en sommeil et ce, jusqu'en 1780. Dans les dix années qui précèdent 1789, l'essor des placements à la Bourse de Paris avec ses retours spéculatifs, l'implication de la classe des financiers et banquiers dans la vie publique ou politique offrent des analogies avec l'actualité contemporaine dans la mesure où ils représentent bien, à l'époque, ce que nous appelons le marché primaire.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Marie Thiveaud, 1998. "La Bourse de Paris et les compagnies financières entre marché primaire et marché à terme au XVIIIe siècle (1695-1794)," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 47(3), pages 21-46.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_1998_num_47_3_2661
    DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.1998.2661
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecofi.1998.2661
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