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Les marchés d’actions chinois

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  • Patrick Gay

Abstract

[fre] Les marchés d'actions chinois, de création toute récente (moins de 7 ans), présentent des singularités qui les distinguent des autres marchés asiatiques, beaucoup plus ouverts et qui s'expliquent par l'inconvertibilité de la monnaie chinoise. Les deux marchés de Shanghaï et Shenzhe sont dominés par les actions réservées aux résidents (Actions A) qui représentent 96 % de la capitalisation. Le marché des actions B, réservées aux investisseurs étrangers, ne cote que des entreprises de taille petite ou moyenne. Le besoin de trouver des capitaux étrangers pour les entreprises de plus grande taille a incité les autorités chinoises à utiliser le marché de Hong Kong comme fenêtre principale sur l'extérieur. Des sociétés chinoises sont cotées à Hong Kong (actions H), et à un moindre degré sur d'autres places (New York, Londres...), et des intérêts chinois, souvent publics, ont créé des sociétés de droit hong kongais qui ont été introduites sur le marché de Hong Kong et qui ont pris le nom générique de red chips par opposition aux sociétés cotées à Hong Kong depuis longtemps, sans liens avec la Chine, les blue chips.. Les principales caractéristiques de ces marchés à fin 1996 sont l'objet de cette note. Une annexe présente l'évolution enregistrée en 1997 par ces marchés et les problèmes d'ajustement auquel les répercussions de la crise asiatique les a confrontés. [eng] The Chinese Stock Markets . Chinese stock markets, recently emerging ones (with less than 7 years's existence), show some characteristics which make them differ from other Asian markets, much more open and which can be explained by the Chinese currency lack of convertibility. Both markets, Shanghai and Shenzhen are dominated by resident dedicated shares (A shares), which account for 96 % of market capitalisation. B shares market, for foreign investors, only quotes medium or small sized company shares. The need to find foreign capital for larger companies has led Chinese authorities to use the Hong Kong market as a special window on the world. Chinese companies are listed in Hong Kong (H shares), and to a lesser extent on other stock exchanges (New York, London...) and Chinese funds, often public funds, have created Hong Kong incorporated companies which have been listed on the Hong Kong market and which have been generally called red chips as compared to Hong Kong shares, not related to China, listed for many decades now : the blue chips.. This note deals with the main characteristics of these markets by the end of 1996. An annex shows the markets developments in 1997 and adjustment problems encountered because of the Asian crisis.

Suggested Citation

  • Patrick Gay, 1997. "Les marchés d’actions chinois," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 44(6), pages 207-223.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_1997_num_44_6_2620
    DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.1997.2620
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecofi.1997.2620
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