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« Big Bang » et compétition financière internationale

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  • Claude Meyer

Abstract

[fre] Dans la compétition internationale, la finance japonaise souffre actuellement d'un double handicap : les institutions sont fragilisées et les structures du système financier n'ont pas évolué au rythme de la globalisation des marchés et des métiers.. L'apurement des créances douteuses constitue la tâche la plus urgente. La gestion de la crise a pris un tournant décisif à la fin de 1995 avec pour objectif un règlement définitif à l'horizon de l'an 2000 ; l'effort d'assainissement semble désormais bien engagé, comme en témoigne le provisionnement massif effectué sur les exercices 1995 et 1996.. Parallèlement, la réforme du système financier conditionne la compétitivité internationale des institutions et des marchés financiers japonais : le « Big Bang » résulte ainsi de la pression de la concurrence financière à l'échelle mondiale. Cette déréglementation accélérée, qui s'articule autour de deux grands axes — réformes de structure (système de régulation, décloisonnement des institutions) et libéralisation des marchés — , devrait entraîner une concentration du secteur et stimuler la nécessaire reconquête de la rentabilité. Si l'assainissement et la réforme du système financier sont menés à bien, le Japon pourra pleinement utiliser les atouts dont il dispose dans la compétition financière internationale, notamment d'énormes actifs financiers à gérer et d'importants excédents courants à recycler. [eng] The Big Bang and the International financial competition . Amid international competition, Japanese finance is presently handicapped in two respects : the institutions' balance sheets are fragilized and the structures of the financial system did not change at the same rhythm as globalization of the markets and of the financial activities. . The cleansing of the doubtful loans represent the most urgent task. At the end of 1995, a major turning point occurred in the handling of the banking crisis, when the target was fixed for a final settlement by the year 2000. Active measures have been taken to clean the non performing loans, in particular huge provisionings and write-offs in FY 1995 and 1996. . In parallel, the reform of the financial system constitutes a condition for restoring the international competitiveness of the Japanese financial institutions and markets ; thus the « Big Bang » results from the pressure of worldwide competition in finance. This accelerated deregulation, which will be implemented along two main axes — structural reforms (supervision system, dismantling of barriers between institutions) and liberalization of markets — , should bring about a concentration of the financial sector and stimulate the necessary recovery in terms of profitability.. If the cleansing of the bad loans and the reorganization of the financial system are carried out, Japan will be able to fully utilize its comparative advantages in the international financial competition, in particular huge financial assets to manage and important current surplus to recycle.

Suggested Citation

  • Claude Meyer, 1997. "« Big Bang » et compétition financière internationale," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 43(5), pages 133-154.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_1997_num_43_5_2375
    DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.1997.2375
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecofi.1997.2375
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