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De la monnaie électronique à l'invention de la monnaie d'électron : en Lydie au VIIe siècle avant Jésus-Christ

Author

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  • Jean-Marie Thiveaud
  • Sylvain Piron

Abstract

[eng] From the electronic currency to the invention of the electron currency : In Lydia in the 7th. century before Christ . At the origin of banking and financial technologies, that is : around 7th C.B.C., the first coins were minted by stamping precious metal. More than 2000 coins have been found, dating back to the 630-600 period, according to some researchers, although the exact dating is difficult to know. Currency innovation also coincides with the invention of writing, mathematics, calendar, astronomy and philosophy. Most of these coins are of royal origin and the lion is the most common figure, since it represents the royal glorification. Their genesis is associated with a sovereign's act for war expenses, and soldiers and mercenaries'pay. Before and after the first Lydian minted coins, ingots have been used for commercial exchanges in the Near East ; even now, there are still in use. The first coin distribution appears to be like the share of glory, a « supremacy's talisman ». But, as soon as they were put in circulation, their magical power was transformed into purchasing power. By using metal coins, people are able to pass from the single and essential purchasing act to the double purchase and sale transaction. [fre] À l'origine des technologies bancaires et financières : les premières pièces de monnaie métallique frappée dans un métal précieux vers le VIIe siècle av. J.C., en Lydie, Asie Mineure. Plus de 2000 exemplaires de pièces d'électron ont été répertoriées, la datation du premier monnayage reste délicate mais la majorité des chercheurs s'accorde pour la fixer dans la période 630-600. L'innovation monétaire coïncide aussi avec l'invention de l'écriture, des mathématiques, du calendrier, de l'astronomie ou de la philosophie. La plus grande partie de ces pièces est d'origine royale, le type le plus fréquent est celui du lion, figure classique de la glorification royale. Leur genèse est associée à un acte du souverain pour la dépense de la guerre, la rémunération des guerriers ou mercenaires. Avant et après la première frappe des pièces de monnaie par les Lydiens, les lingots estampillés étaient et restent en usage dans le Proche Orient pour les échanges marchands. La première distribution de pièces de monnaies s'apparente d'abord à un partage de la gloire, du «talisman de suprématie». Mais, le jour où, pour quelque motif, elles sont passées dans la circulation, leur pouvoir magique s'est mué en pouvoir d'achat. La pièce de monnaie métallique permet ainsi à tous ceux qui la détiennent de passer de l'acte unique et primordial du rachat à la double opération de l'achat et de la vente.

Suggested Citation

  • Jean-Marie Thiveaud & Sylvain Piron, 1995. "De la monnaie électronique à l'invention de la monnaie d'électron : en Lydie au VIIe siècle avant Jésus-Christ," Revue d'Économie Financière, Programme National Persée, vol. 32(1), pages 271-293.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recofi:ecofi_0987-3368_1995_num_32_1_2178
    DOI: 10.3406/ecofi.1995.2178
    Note: DOI:10.3406/ecofi.1995.2178
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