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La défense dans les réseaux d'innovation : une analyse en termes de compétences

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  • Valérie Mérindol

Abstract

[fre] Cet article pour objectif d'analyser le rôle de l'État client de systèmes d'armes - la Défense- au sein de réseaux d'innovation en prenant en compte son statut d'usager de la technologie. Face à la diversité de plus en plus grande des réseaux, la Défense occupe une place beaucoup plus variée qu'autrefois dans le processus d'innovation. Pour prendre en compte cette variété, cet article propose une approche centrée sur les com pétences de cet usager un peu particulier de la technologie. En utilisant à la fois les notions de maître d'ouvrage et de lead user, il est possible de mieux appréhender la nature des compétences de la Défense et leur rôle stratégique pour étudier son caractère plus ou moins central dans les réseaux d'innovation. Les concepts de maître d'ouvrage et de lead user permettent d'appréhender la variété des connaissances que l'État doit maîtriser pour pouvoir intervenir dans la conception des programmes à deux niveaux différents : l'innovation technologique et l'innovation d'usage. Ces deux notions permettent de mieux caractériser la diversité et la complexité des relations entre la Défense, l'industrie et le monde académique pour développer des programmes complexes. [eng] This article inquires the role of the State as client of armaments systems inside the innovation networks It accounts for Defense as user of technologies Confronted to the increasing diversity of networks Defense has to endorse nume rous roles in the innovation process This paper proposes an analysis based on the State competences in order to appraise the efficiency of Defense actions and its critical contribution to the R&D networks Defense related compe tencies in technology production may be related to the contributions as main contractor and as lead user Simultaneous reference will be made to both concepts in order to cope with the complexity of the conception of arma ments programs Technological innova tion and usage innovation will be specifi cally examined Both points characterize Defense in the interactions with industry and the academia in the development of complex programs

Suggested Citation

  • Valérie Mérindol, 2005. "La défense dans les réseaux d'innovation : une analyse en termes de compétences," Revue d'Économie Industrielle, Programme National Persée, vol. 112(1), pages 45-64.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recind:rei_0154-3229_2005_num_112_1_3124
    DOI: 10.3406/rei.2005.3124
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rei.2005.3124
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