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Efficacité et inefficacité de l'organisation du bâtiment : une interprétation en termes de trajectoire organisationnelle

Author

Listed:
  • Éric Brousseau
  • Alain Rallet

Abstract

[fre] La coordination dans le secteur du bâtiment en France repose sur des principes qui génèrent de nombreux dysfonctionnements que les pouvoirs publics et certains acteurs cherchent à éliminer en favorisant l'introduction de modes de coordination plus proches de ceux de l'industrie. L'article s'interroge sur la pertinence et les limites de cette démarche en analysant les causes de la pérennité d'un modèle organisationnel qui ne se réforme qu'à la marge malgré des dysfonctionnements importants. Il souligne que ni une explication en termes de cohérence et de contingence (technique), ni une analyse en termes de spécificité historique (des rapports offre/demande) ne sont pleinement convaincantes. Cela nous amène à recourir à des catégories proches de celles utilisées par les analystes des trajectoires technologiques. L'organisation du secteur s'explique par la conjonction d'«incidents historiques» et de processus autorenforcés initiant des «trajectoires organisationnelles» et des phénomènes de verrouillage. Toutefois, nous soulignons la spécificité des mécanismes en cause. L'autorenforcement organisationnel repose principalement sur les contraintes que l'organisation passée fait peser sur le comportement des acteurs (règles) et leurs compétences (spécialisation). [eng] Coordination in the French construction industry relies on principles that generate numerous failures. Authorities as well as some large companies push for changes by encouraging the use of coordination techniques inspired by those in use in manufacturing industries. We try to analyze the relevance of such a policy. We point out that to explain the durability and the nature of the present organization despite its numerous failures, neither the use of contingency theory, nor the use of an explanation in terms of historical contingency between the supply side and the demand, are sufficient. This leads us to use concepts that have been developed to analyze technological path-dependent phenomena. The organization of the industry is explained by the combination of historical events, lock-in effects, and self-reinforced mechanisms that generate «organizational paths» and lock-ins. We underline, however, that these organizational self-reinforced mechanisms rely on very different causes than those related to technology. Lock-ins are mainly due to the rules instituted by the organizational principles inherited from the past as well as from the limitation of the knowledge of the members of the industry.

Suggested Citation

  • Éric Brousseau & Alain Rallet, 1995. "Efficacité et inefficacité de l'organisation du bâtiment : une interprétation en termes de trajectoire organisationnelle," Revue d'Économie Industrielle, Programme National Persée, vol. 74(1), pages 9-30.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recind:rei_0154-3229_1995_num_74_1_1594
    DOI: 10.3406/rei.1995.1594
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rei.1995.1594
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    Cited by:

    1. Régis Dumoulin, 1999. "La difficile instauration du partenariat dans le secteur du bâtiment et des travaux publics: une analyse par les mécanismes de contrôle," Revue Finance Contrôle Stratégie, revues.org, vol. 2(4), pages 31-51, December.
    2. Claude Ménard, 2004. "The Economics of Hybrid Organizations," Journal of Institutional and Theoretical Economics (JITE), Mohr Siebeck, Tübingen, vol. 160(3), pages 345-376, September.

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