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Les politiques industrielles américaines ; vers un modèle de politiques industrielles de marché

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  • Bertrand Bellon

Abstract

[fre] L'évolution du système américain d'intervention publique dans le domaine industriel depuis une décennie présente des caractéristiques fortes qui structurent le passage du dualisme État-marché à un nouveau type de relations que nous nommons « politiques industrielles de marché ». D'un côté ce modèle s'articule sur l'ancien mode « d'interventionnisme libéral » fondé sur des aides massives et multiformes au système industriel. De l'autre, il met au centre le rôle de l'État comme créateur de règles et de comportements que nous caractérisons à l'aide de l'articulation de cinq concepts : advocacy, dual use policy, partnership, managed competition (dont managed trade) et policy as a contract pie. Nous sommes en présence d'un nouveau « modèle » de relation de l'État dans le marché qui présente une très grande force et est adopté, sans exploitation, par d'autres parties du monde, notamment européennes. Ce renouveau profond de l'État doit être inscrit dans un ensemble plus large caractérisant une part significative du renouveau structurel de l'industrie américaine. [eng] This chapter deals with the US industrial policy. It emphasises the change between two modes of public intervention inside industrial relations and industrial dynamics. In less than a decade, state-business relations have moved from a dual system (the liberal interventionism model) to a new type of relation that we call market industrial policy. However, this model is still based on a permanent flow of public monnies and non financial helps provided by the State to the business world. But it puts the State as the main actor and creator of rules and behaviour that are articulated around five concepts : advocacy, dual use policy, partnership, managed competition (and managed trade) and policy as a contract pie. All these changes constitute a new model of market-state relations. This model is part of the renewal of the US industry and the US economy. This model is going to be unconscenciously adopted by all other parts of the world and particularly by the Europeans.

Suggested Citation

  • Bertrand Bellon, 1995. "Les politiques industrielles américaines ; vers un modèle de politiques industrielles de marché," Revue d'Économie Industrielle, Programme National Persée, vol. 71(1), pages 61-78.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recind:rei_0154-3229_1995_num_71_1_1557
    DOI: 10.3406/rei.1995.1557
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rei.1995.1557
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