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Chômage et inflation dans les pays industrialisés en régime de croissance lente

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  • Bernard Haudeville

Abstract

[eng] The different kinds of activities existing in developped countries give more or less extensive possibilities for factor substitution in a given state of technology.. Itl is therefore possible to share the economy in two sectors : one with a high capital-labour substitution elasticity and the other with a low elasticity.. In the first sector any increase in relative labour cost will induce an increase in capital-labour ratio and, if the rate of growth of demand is not strong enough, an increase in unemployment, while in the second sector the same increase in relative labour cost will result in a speeding up of price inflation.. These two reactions strengthen one another. Inflation from the second sector will lead to a new increase in labour cost and more capital labour substitution in the firts sector, while unemployment will raise inflation throught the developpement of employment programs and the government sector, in which labour productivity has limited opportunities to grow, compared to the manufacturing sector for example. [fre] Les différents types d'activité, selon leur nature et les techniques existantes, se prêtent plus ou moins bien à la substitution du capital au travail. On peut ainsi regrouper dans les économies développées un secteur où cette substitution est facile et un secteur où elle est au contraire plus difficile. Dans le premier secteur, tout relèvement du coût en travail conduit à une élévation de l'intensité en capital du processus de production et, si le taux de croissance de la demande est insuffisant, à du chômage. Dans le second secteur, le même relèvement du coût en travail se traduit par une accélération de l'inflation.. Ces deux réactions tendent à se renforcer puisque l'inflation tend à relever le coût relatif du travail donc à créer du chômage, tandis que le chômage conduit les pouvoirs publics à développer les activités à fort coefficient de travail dans lesquelles la productivité ne peut guère augmenter, qui sont particulièrement vulnérables à l'inflation.

Suggested Citation

  • Bernard Haudeville, 1980. "Chômage et inflation dans les pays industrialisés en régime de croissance lente," Revue d'Économie Industrielle, Programme National Persée, vol. 12(1), pages 67-78.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:recind:rei_0154-3229_1980_num_12_1_1971
    DOI: 10.3406/rei.1980.1971
    Note: DOI:10.3406/rei.1980.1971
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    Cited by:

    1. Aglietta, Michel & Boyer Robert, 1982. "Poles de compétitivité, stratégie industrielle et politique macroéconomique," CEPREMAP Working Papers (Couverture Orange) 8223, CEPREMAP.

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