Author
Abstract
[eng] Abstract US foreign economic policy in the field of agricultural products is the end-result of two conflicting strategies. On the one hand, agricultural prices are guaranteed on the domestic market in order to provide farmers with decent earnings. On the other hand, high tariff s protect American agriculture from low-cost imports. This policy is based on compromises between diverging and unequal interests such as the Executive, Congress, and farmers. It has been able, in the long term, to exempt agriculture from the usual liberalisation of trade. This "agricultural fortress" is a model which the European Community tried to reproduce in favour of its own farmers. [fre] Résumé En matière agricole, la politique extérieure des États-Unis est le résultat de la confrontation de deux logiques : une logique agricole nationale qui vise à garantir aux différentes catégories de producteurs des revenus équitables par des mesures de soutien des prix intérieurs, et une logique de commerce international destinée à protéger un secteur économique particulier en considération de distorsions entre les prix du marché américain et les cours mondiaux. Cette politique met en scène des rapports de force entre des intérêts divergents, ceux des milieux gouvernementaux, du Congrès, des milieux professionnels, qui conduisent à des compromis. Sur le long terme émerge une «exception agricole» qui permet de construire une «forteresse agricole» dont s'est inspirée la communauté européenne.
Suggested Citation
Gilbert Noël, 2003.
"Agriculture et commerce : le dilemme de la politique extérieure des États-Unis (1920-1960),"
Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 22(1), pages 41-57.
Handle:
RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_2003_num_22_1_2283
DOI: 10.3406/hes.2003.2283
Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.2003.2283
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