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La spiritualité conjugale : une tentative de dialogue entre clercs et laïcs dans le catholicisme français (XVIe-XXe siècles)

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  • Agnès Walch

Abstract

[fre] Résumé Cette étude suit, sur la longue durée, l'évolution des représentations catholiques concernant la vie conjugale. Lors de la Réforme catholique, le mariage a fait l'objet d'un intérêt renouvelé de la part du clergé qui a découvert, en amont de la famille, l'existence spécifique du couple dans ses dimensions humaine et religieuse. S'est alors élaboré un modèle conjugal dont on retrouve l'écho dans les sermons, les catéchismes, les rituels ou les vies de saints. Des clercs ont rédigé des manuels de vie conjugale spécialement destinés aux fidèles. Ils y ont approfondi la notion d'amour humain et proposé des pratiques pieuses. Des laïcs leur ont répondu, en se montrant plus réalistes dans leur approche. C'est ainsi qu'un laborieux mais fécond dialogue s'est noué entre l'institution gardienne des dogmes et les fidèles aspirant à concilier leur adhésion à la doctrine avec leur insertion dans une société en voie de sécularisation. Après un vécu spontané d'expériences de spiritualité conjugale par des fidèles au cours du XIXe siècle, le mouvement des Équipes Notre-Dame, prolongement contemporain de ce concept, a contribué à le diffuser dans les milieux catholiques. La spiritualité conjugale est donc l'exemple d'un ajustement dialectique entre les représentations du clergé et les attentes des chrétiens fervents. [eng] Abstract This research explores relations between clerks and laity regarding Catholic married life. After the Council of Trent, the Catholic clergy hoped that husband and wife would live devoutly and create a religious atmosphere at home. Sermons, catechisms and hagiographies gave a model for holy married persons. Some priests addressed some advice to the laity and wrote some married life handbooks. They said the marriage is a route for salvation and they recommended some religious observances. Some faithful wrote books too and they were more realistic about the conjugal life. In the XlXth century, some couples lived spontaneous conjugal spiritual experimentations, and in the xxth century, a Catholic movement has been created to spread the concept of conjugal piety. In conclusion, the conjugal spirituality, born of the dialectic relations between married couple and priests, is an exemple of the agreement between clerical representations and hopes of devout people.

Suggested Citation

  • Agnès Walch, 2002. "La spiritualité conjugale : une tentative de dialogue entre clercs et laïcs dans le catholicisme français (XVIe-XXe siècles)," Histoire, économie & société, Programme National Persée, vol. 21(2), pages 145-160.
  • Handle: RePEc:prs:hiseco:hes_0752-5702_2002_num_21_2_2293
    DOI: 10.3406/hes.2002.2293
    Note: DOI:10.3406/hes.2002.2293
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